-
44 BCE
Death of Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar was assassinated and stabbed 23 times by a mob of conspirators in a place just next to the Theatre of Pompey. -
27 BCE
Roman Empire Begins
The Roman Empire began when Augustus Caesar became the first emperor. -
Period: 27 BCE to 1453
Rome
-
117
Rome at the greatest Extent
Rome had most of the Mediterranean sea and a bit of North Africa and Middle East -
Period: 284 to 305
Rule of Diocletian
Diocletian was an emperor who ended the crisis of the third century and brought Rome to glory. -
285
Split of the Roman Empire and move to Constantinople
The Roman Empire was too big that it was hard to govern. The Emperor Diocletian divided the empire into halves. -
Period: 306 to 337
Rule of Constantine
Constantine the Great was a powerful emperor. As emperor, he named the city Constantinople, which means "City of Constantine" in Greek. -
331
Legalization of Christianity
Emperor Constantine issued the Edict of Milan, which accepted Christianity. 10 years later, it had become the official religion of the Roman Empire. -
410
First Sack of Rome
The city was attacked by the Visigoths led by King Alaric -
476
End of Western Empire
Only the western part of the Roman Empire fell. There are many reasons but one of the reasons is because the barbarians took advantage of difficulties in Rome. -
Period: 476 to 1453
Middle Ages
-
Period: 527 to 565
Reign of Justinian
Justinian was an emperor and he reconquered the western part of Rome. -
709
Muslims Conquer North Africa
When Muslims were rapidly growing, it conquered Maghreb (North Africa) -
Oct 10, 732
Battle of Tours
This was a battle between Frankish Kingdoms and Muslim invaders from Spain. It was won by Charles Martel, the de facto ruler of Frankish Kingdoms. -
Period: 768 to 814
Rule of Charlemagne
Charlemagne was a medieval emperor who ruled Western Europe. He encouraged the Carolingian Renaissance, a cultural and intellectual revival in Europe. -
Period: 793 to 1066
Viking Invasions
Viking expansion is the process by which Norse explorers, traders and warriors, the latter known in modern scholarship as Vikings, sailed most of the North Atlantic, reaching south to North Africa and east to Russia, Constantinople and the Middle East as looters, traders, colonists and mercenaries. -
862
Missionary of St. Cyril and Methodius
St. Cyril(originally named Constantine) and Methodius were sent on a mission by Prince Rostislav of Great Moravia. -
1054
East-West Schism
East-West Schism is the break of communion between what are now the Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox churches -
Period: 1095 to 1291
Crusades
Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. -
1215
Magna Carta
Magna Carta is a book written by John, King of England and Stephen Langton. It is a charter of rights agreed to by King John of England. -
1236
Mongol Invasion
The Mongol invasion of Europe in the 13th century was the conquest of Europe by the Mongol Empire. -
Period: 1300 to
Renaissance
-
1320
Dante writes his epic poem the Divine Comedy
Divine Comedy was a poem written by Dante. It is divided into three parts, Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. -
Period: 1337 to 1453
100 year war
100 year was a series of conflict between House of Plantagenet, rulers of the Kingdom of England, against the French House of Valois, over the right to rule the Kingdom of France. -
Period: 1347 to 1351
Plague
The plague was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 75 to 200 million people in Eurasia and peaking in Europe -
1377
The Papacy returned to Rome
Pope Gregory XI ended the Avignon Papacy which was a period from 1309 to 1376 during which seven successive popes resided in Avignon rather than in Rome. -
Jul 6, 1415
Jan Hus Dies
Jan Hus was a theologian and a philosopher who influenced Martin Luther, Jerome of Prague and John Wesley. -
1436
Architect Brunelleschi designs the dome for the Florence Cathedral
Brunelleschi finished building the biggest dome in the world (at that time) in Florence. -
1439
Johannes Gutenberg invents the printing press.
Gutenberg's movable type printing press initiated nothing less than a revolution in print technology. His press allowed manuscripts to be mass-produced at relatively affordable costs. -
May 29, 1453
End of Eastern Empire
The fall of Constantinople marked the end of a glorious era for the Byzantine Empire. -
Feb 12, 1469
Lorenzo de Medici ascends to power in Florence
Lorenzo de Medici was an Italian statesman, ruler of the Florentine Republic and the most powerful and enthusiastic patron of Renaissance culture in Italy. -
1483
Sistine Chapel Finished
Baccio Pontelli paints the ceiling of Apolostic Palace, the official residence of the pope. -
1486
Botticelli completes the painting The Birth of Venus.
The Birth of Venus depicts the goddess Venus arriving at the shore after her birth when she had emerged from the sea fully-grown. -
1503
Leonardo da Vinci paints the Mona Lisa
Mona Lisa has been described as "the best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world". -
Period: 1509 to 1547
Reign of King Henry VIII
Henry was the second Tudor monarch, succeeding his father, Henry VII. Henry is best known for his six marriages. -
1511
Erasmus published The Praise of Folly
The Praise of Folly is an essay written in Latin about humanism and philosophy. -
1517
Martin Luther nails 95 Theses
The 95 Theses is about everything that was wrong about the Catholic churches and Martin Luther caused the reformation to happen. -
Period: 1517 to
Reformation
-
Period: 1543 to
Scientific Revolution
-
1545
Start of Counter-Reformation
Counter-Reformation was a Catholic resurgence in response to the Reformation. -
Nov 17, 1558
Elizabeth I becomes the Queen of England
Queen Elizabeth was the last of the five monarchs of the House of Tudor. -
William Shakespeare builds the Globe theatre
He will write many of his great plays over the next few years including Hamlet and Macbeth. -
Period: to
30 Years War
The Thirty Years' War was a war fought primarily in Central Europe. One of the most destructive conflicts in human history, it resulted in eight million fatalities not only from military engagements but also from violence, famine, and plague. -
Peace of Westphalia
The Peace of Westphalia was a series of peace treaties signed between May and October 1648 in the Westphalian cities of Osnabrück and Münster, largely ending the European wars of religion.
