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Period: to
Europe nationalism
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The Union of England and Scotland
Primary source: the Union Flag, as described in Article 1 of the Union with Scotland Act 1707: Anne I. Chapter 40, (1707). Significant as it symbolises accurately the combining of the kingdoms of England and Scotland, on a theoretically equal basis under the new auspicies of a 'British' national identity. -
Nationalist Sentiment During the Napoleonic Wars
Der Refugie, a novel by Friedrich de la Motte Fouque, was published in 1824 by Gotha and Erfurt, and is a work of historical fiction set during the latter period of the Napoleonic Wars. It provides fascinating insight into the passionate but complicated state of German nationalism at the time. -
July 1830 Revolution in France
Original source: Eugene Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People, 1830, Paris, oil on canvas. A painting that received wide acclaim, significant for the strong themes of a united, citizen-defined France depicted within, and its prominence at the heart of the French government. -
Frederic Chopin
Original source: Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, Vol. 4 1836, April 22, Robert Schumann: Review of Piano Concertos by Frederic Chopin. A review of Chopin's contentious piano concertos, which Schumann lauds, but more importantly, describes as containing a ‘powerful and distinctive nationalism’. -
Unification of Germany
Original source: Anton von Werner, Die Proklamation des Deutschen Kaiserreiches, (Berlin, 1877). A painting that encapsulates Prussia at height of its hegemony over smaller German states, and the culmination of decades of nationalist fevour to create a new, powerful nation-state at the heart of Europe. -
Adolf Hitler
Original source: Waldemar Gurian Hitler: The Simplifier of German Nationalism. Significant as it provides a first-hand account of the power and importance of Hitler's manipulation of the nationalist idea into populist politics.
