history unit two choice

594 BCE-Solon becomes Archon of Athens and initiates reforms that lay the foundation for Athenian democracy.

594 BCE

Solon was appointed Archon of Athens, and his reforms were crucial in setting the stage for what would later evolve into Athenian democracy. At the time, Athens was facing severe social and economic turmoil, with large gaps between the rich and the poor, and widespread discontent. Solon's reforms aimed to address these issues and create a more balanced society.

539 BCE-The Persian Empire, under Cyrus the Great, conquers Babylon

539 BCE

Cyrus the Great, the founder of the Persian Empire, conquered Babylon. This victory marked the fall of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, which had been a dominant force in the region.

510BCE-The end of the monarchy in Rome and the establishment of the Roman Republic after the overthrow of the last king, Tarquin the Proud.

510 BCE

Tarquin the Proud was a tyrannical ruler, and his reign ended after a series of events that angered the Roman people, causing the incident involving his son, Sextus Tarquinius. Sextus was accused of raping Lucretia, a noblewoman

494 BCE: The Ionian Revolt

494 BCE

The revolt began in the Greek-speaking cities of Ionia, which were under Persian control at the time. The Ionians had long been dissatisfied with Persian rule, due to heavy taxation of Persian governors, or satraps, who were often seen as tyrannical.

490 BCE: The Battle of Marathon

490 BCE

Athenians won the war. The battle happened because of the Persian Empire's want to expand its influence into Greece, a mission that had been set in motion after the Ionian Revolt.

480 BCE: The Battle of Thermopylae and the Battle of Salamis

480 BCE

Two of the most famous wars. The Greeks successfully defended against the Persians both time and protected their independence.

479 BCE: The Battle of Plataea

479 BCE

Greeks won again. causing the Greek and Persian wars to end.took place in the plain of platea

469 BCE: Birth of Socrates

469 BCE

Birth of the biggest influencer of western philosophy. He was born in central athens. growing up he was not wealthy and he was not part of the aristocracy.

31 BCE - 404 BCE: The Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta

404 BCE

A struggle for dominance and led to the Athens losing and caused a shift in power in Greece. The war was fought in three phases and led to the fall of greece

336 BCE: Alexander the Great becomes king of Macedon

336 BCE

After his father had died. he had created one of the largest empires ever expanding from Greece all the way to Egypt, Persia, and even into parts of India. also had many different military achievements

323 BCE: Death of Alexander the Great in Babylon

323 BCE

stopped the expansion of his empire. Nobody knows exactly how he died. the empire became divided after he had died because there was no clear leader that had been determined after him.

305 BCE: The Maurya Empire is established

305 BCE

In India, founded by Chandragupta Maurya. After overthrowing the Nandas, Chandragupta established his rule in Pataliputra , which became the capital of the Maurya Empire. Chandragupta’s political and military success enabled him to consolidate power over much of northern India.

264 BCE - 146 BCE: The Punic Wars

146 BCE

Wars were between Rome and Carthage.fought over trade routes and territory. In the end Rome won and this led to them gaining control of sicily

73 CE: The fall of Masada

73 BCE

marks the final stand of a group of Jewish rebels. symbolizes both the tragic defeat of the Jewish revolt and the fierce determination of the rebels to resist Roman rule.

64 CE: Emperor Nero begins the persecution of Christians

64 BCE

In rome after the great fire of Rome. One of the earliest instances of hostility towards a religion. With this Christianity still continued to rapidly spread.

63 BCE: The Roman general Pompey captures Jerusalem

63 BCE

Marked the beginning of Roman dominance over Judea. Ended the Hasmonean dynasty's rule and brought significant changes for the Jewish people, eventually leading to the region becoming a part of the Roman Empire.

44 BCE: Assassination of Julius Caesar

44 BCE

final turning point in the decline of the Roman republic. His death lead to multiple civil wars and then led to the rise of the Roman empire from his grand nephew.

30 CE: Crucifixion of Jesus Christ

29 BCE

Marks the culmination of Jesus’ earthly mission, and his death is seen as a sacrifice for the sins of humanity. The crucifixion also serves as the central act in the Christian narrative.

27 BCE: Augustus becomes the first Roman Emperor

27 BCE

Rose to power because of Caesar. he was leader until he died in 14 BCE and after he died Rome became a autocracy.

4 BCE: Birth of Jesus

4 BCE

Marks the beginning of Christianity. Jesus was born during the reign of King Herod the Great in Judea. Matthew's Gospel describes Jesus' birth in Bethlehem and the account also mentions King Herod’s fear of a rival king, leading to the tragic massacre of infant boys in Bethlehem in an attempt to kill Jesus.