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Henry the Navigator was a Portuguese prince who funded many westward voyages as prince. This is the span from his first to last trips.
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The Gutenberg Bible was the first mass-produced Bible ever. This made it available to the public to read, so they didn't always have to take the church's word for truth. -
A time in Spain where the government tortured, killed, and banished anyone other than Catholics. People that were suspected of Heresy were tortured into confession and often killed if they didn't convert.
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Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer sailing for the Holy Roman Empire. On this date, he became the first European to set foot on the new world in the Bahamas. -
Spain and Portugal, two catholic countries, were fighting over territory in the new world, so the Pope created this treaty. He made the Line of Demarcation, dividing the land into two parts, one for each country. -
Michelangelo completes the final painting on the inside of the Sistine Chapel. It took him over 4 years to complete everything. -
Vasco Nunez de Balboa, a Spanish explorer, walks across Panama. He becomes the first European to see the Pacific Ocean, naming it the “South Sea”. -
After a Catholic monk came through Wittenberg selling indulgences, Martin Luther was infuriated. He wrote 95 Theses on the faults of the Catholic interpretation of the Bible, including criticizing indulgences. On this date, he posted this paper on his churches' bulletin board for people to see. -
Charles V was the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. Charles Hapsburg was the most powerful person on the planet at the time, ruling about 20% of all people during his reign.
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A meeting called by Charles V with Martin Luther as a response to his 95 Theses. They debated the word of the Bible, and Martin Luther proved Charles V wrong on many points. After the session, Luther fled to a safe place in fear of the emperor. -
Cortés led his Spanish army to take over the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan. With their weapons and a Smallpox outbreak, they succeeded. -
Ferdinand Magellan set sail to circumnavigate the world in response to the Line of Demarcation. Although he died along the way, on this date, his crew landed in Spain and finished the journey. -
Francisco Pizarro led his Spanish army to capture the Incan leader, Atahualpa. They used him as a puppet to conquer the empire, and took over on this day. -
Henry VIII and Thomas Cranmer created Anglicanism as a reformed version of the Catholic Church. This officially happened through the Act of Supremacy, making Henry VIII the leader of Anglicanism.
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Calvinism's founder, John Calvin, was invited by Geneva to lead their reformation effort and run various governmental programs. He changed many things like how children were taught and how their churches were run.
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Diego Gualpa Found a huge mountain of silver in Bolivia and mined all of it. The area became a town called Potosí.
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This was a meeting in Trent, Italy, of many Catholic clergymen called in response to the religious reformation of the protestants. They lessened the corruption of the Catholic Church, and claimed that the Catholic Church had authority equal to the Bible.
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Elizabeth I was the Anglican daughter of Henry VIII, who passed a law allowing people to convert to Anglicanism but not vice versa. She took the throne after the Catholic Mary I on this day. -
After Phillip's wife, Mary I died, he proposed to her sister, Elizabeth I. He was rejected, making him mad and resentful toward England.
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Francis Drake was an English privateer. He took down many Spanish ships for Queen Elizabeth I and also some for his own gain.
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After a group of royal knights killed Calvinist nobles on St. Bartholomew's Day, people all across Paris killed their Protestant neighbors. This resulted in the Edict of Nantes to make peace in France. -
The Spanish armada was a fleet of ships sent to England by Spain. It was meant to ferry their soldiers onto English soil to conquer the country.
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Henry was originally king of Navarre. On this date he converted to Catholicism and went to rule France as Henry IV. -
The Edict of Nantes, signed by Henry IV of France, was an agreement settling many arguments between Catholics and Huguenots. It gave some religious freedom to Huguenots, but not too much to make the Catholics mad. -
A company founded in the Dutch Republic to secure their trade in the Indian Ocean. They were given a complete trade monopoly in Southern Africa and had to swear loyalty to the Dutch.
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3 prominent Catholic officials in the Holy Roman Empire were thrown out of a window on the highest floor of the castle of Prague by a mob of protestants. This sparked the 30 years' war. -
Louis V was a French leader who gave himself absolute monarchy. He built the Palace of Versailles and bankrupted France.
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The Commonwealth was a Calvinist government institution in England, largely run by Oliver Cromwell. It was very strict and people did not like it, causing James II to take it over.
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Although the huge Palace of Versailles underwent many renovations, it was originally finished under Louis XIV on this date. It is a huge palace that has many very elegant features. -
People hated James II and invited William and Mary from the Netherlands to rule England. They took over without any bloodshed, earning the name “The Glorious Revolution”.