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Liu Bang (Emperor Gaozu) defeated the Qin forces and founded the Han Dynasty, one of the longest-lasting dynasties in Chinese history. -
This battle marked Liu Bang's decisive victory over Xiang Yu, which led to the establishment of the Han Dynasty. -
The naval battle between Octavian (future Emperor Augustus) and Mark Antony/Cleopatra led to Octavian's power consolidation and the Roman Republic's fall. -
The Roman Senate gave Octavian the title Augustus, marking the transition from the Roman Republic to the Roman Empire. -
A significant defeat for the Roman Empire against Germanic tribes, which halted Roman expansion into Germania. -
Augustus died, and his stepson, Tiberius, succeeded him as Emperor of Rome, continuing the Julio-Claudian dynasty. -
The Roman Emperor Claudius ordered the invasion of Britain, which became a province of the Roman Empire. -
A devastating fire destroyed much of Rome during the reign of Emperor Nero, leading to widespread reconstruction. -
A major rebellion by the Jewish people in Judea against Roman rule ended with the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 70 CE. -
Roman forces under Titus captured Jerusalem and destroyed the Jewish Temple, a significant event in Jewish history. -
The catastrophic eruption buried the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum, preserving them under volcanic ash. -
Trajan expanded the Roman Empire to its greatest territorial extent, including the conquest of Dacia (modern-day Romania). -
Emperor Hadrian ordered the construction of a defensive fortification across northern Britain to protect the Roman province from northern tribes. -
A major Jewish revolt against Roman rule in Judea, resulted in the defeat of the rebels and a significant diaspora of the Jewish population. -
The death of Marcus Aurelius marked the end of the Pax Romana (Roman Peace) and the beginning of a period of instability in the Roman Empire. -
Emperor Caracalla granted Roman citizenship to all free men within the empire, expanding the political and legal privileges of Roman citizens. -
A period of political instability, military anarchy, and economic decline in the Roman Empire, with numerous emperors and usurpers claiming power. -
Emperor Constantine defeated Maxentius and later became the first Roman emperor to embrace Christianity. -
Constantine and Licinius issued the Edict of Milan, which granted religious tolerance to Christians in the Roman Empire and legalized Christianity. -
The Germanic Vandals, led by King Genseric, sacked Rome, marking one of the most symbolic events of the fall of the Western Roman Empire.