History Timeline

By ZodaTown
  • 711

    Muslims come to the peninsula (711)

    Muslims come to the peninsula (711)
    They defeated the Visigoths at the Battle of Guadalete. A new army continued advancing north. Muza led the advance. The Visigoths were in civil war because King itiza died. Agila, asked the Muslims for help. The Muslims sent troops
    to peninsula, helped him beat his opponent, Don Rodnigo.
    The Muslim had a plot in the peninsula, called Al-Andalus, happened in the context of rapid
    Islamic expansion. Muslim troops even tried to advance more but were stopped
    by the franks in Battle of Poitiers (732).
  • Period: 711 to 929

    The Muslim's territory in the peninsula

    The Muslims made Córdoba their capital, turning it into a major Mediterranean city. Al-Andalus evolved politically: Dependent emirate (711): Ruled by an emir under the Umayyad Caliphate of Damascus.
    Independent emirate (756): Abd al-Rahman I seized power, rejecting the Caliph's authority but recognizing religious leadership.
    Caliphate (929): Abd al-Rahman III became Caliph, holding political and religious power, marking Al-Andalus' golden age.
  • 1086

    Decline of Al-Andalus

    Under Caliph Hisham I, Almanzor ruled the Córdoba Caliphate, leading campaigns against Christians. After his death 1002, instability led to disintegration 1031. The weak Taifa kingdoms emerged, paying parias to Christian kingdoms but losing Toledo 1085. The Almoravids arrived 1086, took control, and halted Christian advances. In 1146, the Almohads defeated them, ruling from Sevilla until their defeat at Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212. The Nasrid Kingdom of Granada remained until conquest 1492.
  • 1492

    The key of christian's resistance (Until 1492)

    The key of christian's resistance (Until 1492)
    Some areas in the Cantabrian Mountains and Pyrenees stayed outside Muslim control, forming Christian resistance. In the Cantabrian region, Visigothic nobles took refuge, and Don Pelayo became Asturias' first king in 718, leading the resistance at Covadonga. In 778, the Basques defeated the Franks at Roncesvalles, creating the Kingdom of Pamplona. The eastern Pyrenees remained under Frankish rule as the Hispanic March.