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Jan 1, 1096
Crusades
A holy war between the Christians and Muslims, fighting for the holy land Palestine. They got extended trade routes. 10,000 europeans joined the military to fight in the war. -
Jan 1, 1300
Renaissance Begins
Started in Urban Cities after the black death outbreak. The economic and social structure were renewed. They spent a lot of money trying to glam up their cities with art and sculptures. -
Jan 1, 1337
100 Years War Begins
The 100 years war was a long fight between France and England over the French Throne. It lasted until 1453, so technically it was the 116 year war. The whole time both countries were fighting over things that the other country did and didnt own. -
Jan 1, 1347
Black Death Begins
A catastrophic plague that started in Asia and spread to Europe. 1/3 of the population died from 1347 to 1351. It is still considered one of the worst pandemics in history. -
Jan 1, 1368
Ming Dynasty in China
Zhu Yuanzhang was in an uprising against the mongols. He was then chosen to be the general of the uprising and in 1368 he declared himself the Emporer. He tried to take work off of the peasants, and wanted to keep punishment alive. -
Jan 1, 1405
Voyages of Zheng He
Zheng He was a famous voyager and was sent by multiple emperors to go around the world. He went on 7 long voyages over the span of 24 years. On his last voyage, the emperor insist Zheng He go even though he was old and sick. His last voyage took him 3 years and on his way back he died on ship. -
May 30, 1431
Joan of Arc- Burned at the Stake
Joan was only 19 was she was burned at the stake for leading the French army into battle during the 100 years war. She never actually fought in the wars she lead. She said she had visions and that God and Angels talked to her and thats why she did a lot of things, -
May 29, 1453
Ottomans conquer Constantinople
Constantinople was conquered by Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II. After this Ottomans became one of the most powerful empires. After the conquest of Constantinople it ended the destruction of the Roman Empire. -
Jan 1, 1455
Johannes Gutenberg- Printing Press
Mid- 1400s Johannes Gutenberg put the letters of the alphabet into metal plates and put them in a wooden press. Other people tried to start this invention, but Gutenberg is credited for the invention. Gutenbergs first publication was a 1,282 page bible. -
Mar 31, 1492
Jews, Gypsies & Moors expelled from Spain
An edict is issued by the Catholic rulers saying Jews that dont convert to Christianity is to be expelled from the country. Most jews rather leave the country than renew their religion so most Spanish Jews left. -
Aug 4, 1492
1st voyage of Columbus
He was the captain of three ships that left from Spain. He spotted multiple islands but mainly went to San Salvador, Cuba and Hispaniola. His job was to find quicker Chineses trade routes to bring back Chinese treasures, but instead he only brought back trinkets. -
May 20, 1498
Da Gama Lands in India
Da Gama was a Portegeuse explorer who was the first European to reach India via the Atlantic Ocean. He started in Portugal went to Malindi on the coast of Africa, then went across the Indian Ocean. He was not greeted nicely in Calicut, and had to fight his way back. -
Jan 1, 1500
Slave trade across the Atlantic
There were three different routes used in the atlantic slave trade, which is why they sometimes called it the triangular trade. One was Europe to Africa, Africa to America, and then America back to Europe. Most of the slaves in Africa before the trade but some were free people and they were just picked up to be used. -
Jan 1, 1502
Safavid Empire
The safavid empire last from 1502 to 1736. It was one of the highest ruling empires in Persia. During the era it established one of modern day Irans main religion and united all its provinces. -
Jan 1, 1502
Naming of the New World
The new world, which is America, is named after Amerigo Vespuci. He did not personally name America after himself but a map maker ended up calling the new world America. The name stuck cause other countries copied his map and saw that it was named America. -
Jan 1, 1503
Da Vinci paints the "Mona Lisa"
Da Vinci painted this based off a real woman. Mona Lisa's real name is Lisa Gherardini, wife of Francesco Del Giocondo. Da Vinci painted it with oil paint. Da Vinci painted it while he was living in Florence, Italy. -
Jan 1, 1508
Michaelangelo Begins to Paint Sistine Chapel
It took him 4 years to paint the whole ceiling. He had assistants helping him paint. The ceiling is 60 feet above the floor, so he painted it 60 feet in the air. -
Oct 31, 1517
Martin Luther posts 95 Theses
Martin Luther nailed a piece of paper to the church door talking on his opinions about the church. It talked about how everybody in the church is corrupt. The popes all got together in a meeting and asked him to take back his statements but he said he wouldnt. -
Jan 1, 1519
Magellan starts his "around the world" Trip
He set out from Spain with 5 trade ships, to find a western sea route. He was the first European to cross the Pacific Ocean. After a dangerous 3 years, only one ship returned to Spain. -
Jan 1, 1526
Mughal Empire Begins
The Mughal lasted from 1526 to 1707. Since they kept such a long reign they are known for it the most. During that time they ruled most of India and spread muslim religion everywhere. Most of the rule came form turkic descent. They lost control in the 1550s but gained it back quick. -
Jan 1, 1534
Henry VIII founds Angelican Church
Henry was mad at the Pope for not annulling his marriage to Catherine so he broke away from the church and then founded the Church of England. -
Aug 29, 1537
Pizarro invades the Inca Empire
Francisco Pizarro killed the emporer of the Incas, along with all the other people, ending the 300 years of Inca Civilization. Pizarro asked the emperor to a feast and ambushed him when he got there. The emporer had a thousand escorts but none were armed so all of them were killed. -
Jan 1, 1543
Copernicus Publishes Heliocentric Theory
Copernicus' theory was that the sun was the center of the universe. He thought that the earth spun around once a day around the sun. So he called it the heliocentric model. -
Jan 1, 1545
Council of Trent
It lasted 18 years and was huge in the Roman Catholic Church. The Council ended up being a major role in how the Counter-Reformation would play out. A pope set up the Council of Trent but most popes did not like them because they did not want to lose their power to them. -
Jan 1, 1556
Phillip II rules Spain
King Phillip ruled over Spain during what he called the Golden Age. But yet in his time of rule came the economic decline, and bankruptcy. And there was a decade from 1588 to 1598 which instored the Spanish Armada. -
Jan 15, 1558
Elizabeth I becomes Queen of England
Elizabeth became Queen when she was 25 because her sister Mary had died. She switched the faith from Catholic, which her sister intisted, to Protestant. She is and was considered one of the best Queens of England. -
Age of Enlightenment
All through Europe, England and France, all types of people such as Philosophers, Politicians believed they could change the humanity in their society. It started a whole bunch of things such as wars and revolutions. The American and French Revolution was influenced by the Enlightenment. -
Jamestown, colony in Virginia, Founded
100 people got on three ships and left England to sail to North America. They landed on the James River. -
Louis XIV becomes King of France
Louis was known for his agressive foreign policies and ran a monarchy. He was put on the throne at a early age of 4 after his father passed away. He started to rule France in his 20s and started reforming France. He was known for once invading the Spanish Netherlands an declaring it for his wife. -
Qing Dynasty in China
Qing dynasty was also referred to as the Empire of the Great Qing, Great Qing, or Manchu Dynasty. It was the last imperial dynasty in Chinese history. It began in 1644 and went until 1912. -
Thomas Hobbes writes "Leviathan"
Some people compare Hobbes book to Machiavelli's "The Prince". It talks about the structure of the government and society. He wrote that the only way the civil war could have been avoided was by the government. -
Oliver Cromwell rules England
He is considered one of the most effective leaders of England. Cromwell was very puritan and believed everybody should follow what the bible says. He believed you had to work hard and enjoyment was unneeded. He also banned Christmas. -
Peter I (the Great) becomes Czar
He first started off co-ruling Russia with his older brother Ivan. When Ivan died in 1969 he ruled the country all by himself. He is known for his reforms, creating great militarys, and having control over the orthodox church. -
Catherine the Great rules Russia
Catherine married into the Russian Royalty becoming the Grand Duchess. When her husband took the thrown she overthrowed him and became the ruler of Russia. Her first duty was to bring back the soldiers from Denmark and give the church their land back. -
U.S Constitution is Ratified
New Hampshire was the last state needed to ratify the constitution. The law could not be completed until all 13 states had ratified it. Some states were quick to ratifiy it, while others opposed it and needed time to look over it. -
French Revolution Begins
The war only lasted a year and it was started by their Enlightenment ideas. During the war Napoleon Bonaparte rose as a general. During that time they changed their political system. They went back to monarchy and the feudal system. -
Reign of Terror Begins
The Terror, as it is also called, was a period that last until 1794. It was a year of violence following the French Revolution. There were a lot of killings to take out all the emenies in France. It was started after a fued of two parties, the Girondins and Jacobins. -
Napoleon becomes Emperor
He was the first Frenchman to become emporer in a thousand years. He established the Napoleonic Code, before he became emperor, a new thing for French Law ,and then the Napoleon Empire after becoming emperor. -
Napolean Defeated at Battle of Waterloo
Napolean was fought by the Duke of Wellingtons British troops. Belgian, Dutch and German troops increased Wellingtons rank. It rained heavy in the morning and the war was delayed. After his defeat it was the end of his military career. -
Tokugawa Shogunate Ends
The Edo period actually lasted from 1603 to 1867. It was the last era of japanese culture. The Tokugawa were growing weak in the 19th century so two forces joined together and seized power.
