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How the war began.
Austria declared war on Serbia. Then Russia mobilized its troops by having them go to the German border. Then on August 1st Germany declared war on Russia. Then two day later declared war on France. This started World War I. -
Nursing in the WWI was exhausting.
Nurses often did dangerous work and the women who volunteered experienced the horror of the war firsthand. Some nurses paid the ultimate price. There were thousands of untrained women working as midwives or nurses in civilian life, but had little to no experience working with soldiers. Many of the women never left home before going to the front. -
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The many battles faced by WWI's Nurses
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World War I
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Nurses weren't admired for their work.
There was an all female staff for nurses. Nursing didn't help with women's rights. Most nurses weren't warmly welcomed. Nursing was close to a Cinderella service. After the war most Voluntary Aid Detachment nurses left the servive. -
A hospital they used during World War I
One hospital they used during World War I was knownas the Endell Street Military Hospital in Covent Garden. It was located in London. It opened in May 1915. The staff there was all female. By the time it closed in August 1919 they treated 124,000 patients with 7,000 operations which was a little hard on the nurses. -
Working conditions for nurses.
Poorly paid voluntarly aid detachment nursed were used as domestic labour, but not until later in the war allowed to change dressings or give medicine to patients. There was a strict code of conduct for the nurses. There was very few nurses in the beginning because the women were expected to stay and wait at home, but later in the war due to the Militray Nursing sevice the number of nurses grew. -
What Clara did when she wasn't nursing during the war.
While she was assigned the hospital in Blois she attended a dance with doctors. She actually got in trouble for going to an enlisted men's dance. She stayed n a plush hotel in Le Havre when she arrived in Paris for the war. While she was on a train there she had to stop in a tunnel during an air raid. -
Clara's Assignment in the War.
Clara was assigned to both field hospitals and a huge facility in Paris. She was assigned to hospitals in Blois treating badly wounded French soldiers. She was actually a nurse for 4 years when the United States entered World War I. -
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Clara Wihelmina Emily Lewandoske Hoke
She was in service serving as an Army nurse corps. She ranked as a lieutenant. -
America joining the war.
Before the U.S. was in the war they were neutral on which side they were for. A German submarine sunk the ship called Lusitania and killed 1,200 passengers including 128 Americans on May 7th, 1915. This made the Americans mad and they joined France's side. After a debate America was at war. The U.S. entered the war in April 1917. -
Facts about Clara
After the Armistice Clara visited the battlefield at Reims in Paris for the wild celebration. She gave Pajamas to soldiers, but she was unaware that they had bugs on them. At first before she became a nurse in the war she actually wanted to join the Army, but she was offered the Red Cross job. -
How they tried to protect themselves
To protect themselves from not getting wounded troops began building trenches. Troops used the machine gun to help them not let the enemy win over the trenches. World War I was the first to use aircraft in war and also the first and the last war to use zeppelins in combact. The average life expectancy of a combact pilot was about 2 weeks. -
A soldier that helped Clara.
When she was working a soldier pulled her away when she was watching an air raid from the hospital. If the soldier didnt pull her away than the explosion wouldve hit her because it hit the spot she was standing in. That soldier saved her live and she should be grateful for that. -
Wounded in the war
More than 50,000 Americans died in combact. Also about 200,000 were wounded. Another 60,000 soldiers died from diseases mostly from influenza epidemic of 1918 and 1919. -
Medical issues nurses had to overcome.
The war had some medical issues that were unknown in civillian life and unexperienced by any doctor or nurse. The most common of all the wounds was infections, due to the machine gun bullets having bits of uniforms and also there was polluted mud trenches in people's abdomens and their internal organs. -
Treaty of Versailles
On November 9th, 1918 Germany became a republic. Two days later the government signed an armistice. On the 11th hour of the 11th day on the 11th month in 1918 the fighting stopped. The war was not quite over even though that the fighting stopped. A peace treaty had to be signed and it was called the treaty of Versailles. Negotiation on it lasted 5 months. The treaty of Versailles blamed Germany for the war and also punished and weakend them. -
Clara married Arnold Hoke.
Clara got married to another veteran of WWI. His names was Arnold Hoke. They had two kids together.
