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Civil Rights Act
In United States federal laws, the Civil Rights Act was the first to declare that everyone born in the United States must be a citizen and have the same rights to be protected by the law, regardless of color or race or if they were slave or not. Subsequently, this law will provide a solution or remedy in the educational system and help with litigation. -
Plessy Vs Ferguson Case
The Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson,ordered that all facilities separate for each race but equal in quality be constitutional. Which meant that racial segregation was legal, and sadly, this decision stood for the next fifty years. Then, it was overruled in Brown v. the Board of Education. -
Brown v. Board of Education
In this case, the Supreme Court declared that the separation of children in public schools based on race was unconstitutional and illegal. Thus, the end of the racial segregation that had persisted in American schools since Plessy v. Ferguson case was done. -
Pennsylvania Assocaiation for Retarded Citizensv. Pennsylvania. & Mills
In this legal case, which was the first major one to provide equal rights to students with special needs, order that states could not prohibited or deny to any individual have equal access to education, regardless of developmental disability or intellectual status. It occurs between 1971-1972. -
Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia
This case was a lawsuit in the USA against the District of Colombia. The court order that all students with any disability must receive a public education regardless of whether or not they can pay. -
Section 504
This section 504 makes illegal discrimination in activities or programs receiving federal financial assistance. Under section 504 all students with any special need have the right to receive accommodation. https://disabilityrightsflorida.org/disability-topics/disability_topic_info/section_504_of_the_rehabilitation_act_of_1973#:~:text=Section%20504%20of%20the%20Rehabilitation%20Act%20prohibits%20discrimination%20based%20on,have%20rights%20to%20reasonable%20accommodations. -
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA)
This act was a federal law signed by President Gerald Ford. This law requires that all children with disabilities receive a free appropriate public education in every state between 3 and 21. -
Rowley case
This was a US Supreme Court case in which a school refused to provide a sign language interpreter to a deaf student (Amy Rowley). As a result, the court ruled on the need for public schools to provide an appropriate education for students with disabilities. -
The Americans with Disabilities Act
This act bans discrimination in many areas (such as employment, public accommodation, transportation, local services, government programs, etc.) against people with disabilities. -
No Child Left Behind (NCLB)
It was an especially important law for primary and secondary general education (k to 12) that made remarkable changes in their curriculum. It increased the federal regulations of state school systems. This law was signed by President George W. Bush. https://youtu.be/0--2nhsDorg?si=Smhft8sRFJmzhjDU