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Communication Technology
PRINT:
The Golden Age of Philippine Journalism (1945-1972) The Philippine press began to be known as “the freest in Asia.
1945, May 27 - The Manila Times, a weekly tabloid, was put out by Alejandro Roces RADIO: The Radio Situation during the war
Japanese Occupation: Birth of the underground press
The Resistance Radio
- Voice of Freedom operated from January to April 1942.
Radio Control and Propaganda
-Relay stations were put at Cebu, Davao, and Iloilo. -
Status of Society
-The effects of the Great Depression were still felt in the early 1940s (e.g. poverty, job scarcity)
- Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941.
Media during the WWII
- Radio provided war information faster than newspapers, and people desired current news of the war situation and of their relatives fighting overseas.
- “The media was a powerful tool to encourage war effort.” -
Status of Communication
LOCAL
- Majority of the press were partly or wholly owned by large business complexes.
- Radio programs highlighted the Japanese culture and language.
-There were clashes of ideologies and propagandistic movements or content from both the Americans and the Japanese.
- All types of radio equipment were banned. Radio sets were reconditioned to prevent short wave broadcasts from Americans GLOBAL
- Commercials and advertisements began to appear on air. -
Status of Communication
-Communication was used by the people to keep watch of the government (e.g. Golden Arinola issue ni Elpidio Quirino) -
Status of Society
LOCAL
-recovering from war
-pursuit for political and economic independence
GLOBAL
-Cold War -
Communication Technology
*assertion of tagalog language in media
RADIO
-more than 200 stations operating
-congress assumed radio control board (1950)
-the advent of transistor radio (the 1950s)
PRINT
-press-watchdog of government
-ownership (exclusive to renowned families)
TELEVISION
-rise of abscbn (1959)
-about 6k tvs were used (1 set/2k filipinos) -
Communication Technology
TELEVISION
ABS-CBN
-1966 introduced color programming.
-1968 1st provincial TV stations were established (Cebu, Bacolod, Dagupan)
-Bandwagon ‘69 “the special election eve variety extravaganza sponsored by the members of the Nacionalista Party-among them President Marcos and Vice President Lopez broadcasting 3 hours earlier than other networks."
FILM
-rampant commercialism and sensationalism
-knock-offs of popular Hollywood films
-film genres and themes - against status quo. “Revolt” -
Status of Communication
-Media was used to show people’s dissatisfaction with the “status quo.” (rise of bomba films)
-Communication was used for propaganda (politicians controlling radio stations, Bandwagon ‘69) -
Status of Society
LOCAL
-free enterprise and Open Door Policy during Macapagal’s time
-Marcos becomes the president of the Philippines
GLOBAL
-Vietnam War
-Decline in America’s economy, aftermath of war
-The Swinging Sixties- youth-driven cultural revolution -
Communication Technology
-Radio and Televisions are down and run by the Marcos Cronies
-No Press Freedom -
Status of Communication
-Proclamation No. 1081 - Total control of all media
-Media was used to cover the economic crisis, political agenda, and fascist attacks to the people.
-Various alternative media released by the people as resistance/counter-propaganda to the existing regime -
Status of Society
-It was the reign of the Marcos Regime (1965 - 1986)
-Start of implementation of neo-liberal policies under the rule of the imperial US (Laurel-Langley Treaty, Masagana 99, 100% Foreign Ownership of industries)
-Bankruptcy of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas
-Various movements and protests (First Quarter Storm)
-Martial Law was declared (Proclamation Number 1081 s. of 1972) -
Communication Technology
-"The Electronic Age"
-Floppy disks became the most used storage device.
PRINT
-1981- Philippine Council for Print Media was abolished
BROADCAST
-1981- Broadcast Media Council was abolished
-most programs were cultural and entertainment programs
-1985- MTRCB, VRB, FDFP and NMPC Color Laboratory were formed -
Status of Society
LOCAL
-Last stages of the Marcos dictatorship.
-People Power Revolution
-1986 Snap Elections
GLOBAL
-Release of 1st Macintosh Personal Computer and Introduction of Windows
-Internet goes global -
Status of Communication
-Press freedom was only regained in 1986.
-Before that, the media was used for cultural and entertainment programs and state propaganda.
-Films depicting the reality in society were rampant. -
Communication Technology 1
PRINT
-1990 daily papers of all sizes, types and political perspectives
TELEVISION
-1990
1st pay TV Channel- Byers Communication Channel 68
Homeshopping Channel- Rajah Broadcasting TV 29
All movie channel- Radio Mindanao Network Channel 31
Imported Telenovelas- Marimar
Hit of Telenovelas- Home Alone the Riles
Investigative Journalism- IWitness, The Correspondents
-1991
Interest in Cable Television
-1992
ABS CBN expanded the business (Star Cinema, Star Records, Sky Cable)
Ratings are important -
Communication Technology 2
FILM
-Philippine Film Industry became freere and early independent studio producers blossomed into the leaders of film production today’
- ABS CBN stared their own production company
INTERNET
-March 29,1994 - Philippine Network Foundation made the Philippine become officially connected to the world of Internet
-Mosaic Communication (MOSCOM) is the first commercial Internet service provider launched by MOSCOM, making it possible for Filipinos go online -
Status of Communication 1
-Period of free,licentious, & rambunctious press
-Significant growth in the coverage of environment,women issues, science technology, etc that had previously been ignored or marginally covered
*but law of economics are beginning to catch up
-Publications are printed in variety of languages.(offered by about a dozen English-language broadsheets, while around 14 tabloids—primarily in Tagalog and Cebuano)
-Newspaper for English educated and middle class
-Tabloid for blue collar and less educated -
Status of Society
LOCAL
-Democracy Restored- after martial law, communication was “liberated”
-Tragedies of 1990s
1990 earthquake
Typhoon Mike (affected Visayas Area such as Cebu and Bacolod)
-Recovery stage from period of Marcos that weakened professionalism and politicized media to a staging degree
GLOBAL
-Asian Financial Crisis (1997)- escalating cost of production, exorbitant taxes, arbitrary, and too much censorship and hightech film piracy.
-Hollywood movies are becoming more popular
-Rise of Cable TV -
Status of Communication 2
-Media was used as a source of Entertainment to distract its audience from the happening during those time
-Significant growth in the coverage of the ignored or marginally covered
-Unconsciously/consciously imitating, copying from the much more popular American Films
-caused to trim down production cost of film
-Quality of film was sacrificed due to mass production and income prioritization -
Communication Technology
INTERNET and SOCIAL MEDIA 2004-2006: The Creation of Facebook, Youtube, Twitter (int.) -
Status of Society
PH SMS
-PH as texting capital of the world– played a part in the ouster of President Estrada early in 2001. The text message went around “meet at EDSA.” and crowd gathered and refused to leave the main Manila until he left the presidential palace.
INTERNET FREEDOM
-Digital activism- had a significant impact in the PH, making national and international headlines, prompting positive action from the government.
-Filipinos use their socmed accounts to influence others through online expression -
2000 - 2010 Status of Communication
Telecommunication Industry Performance
2016
-PLDT and Globe- leading in the local telecommunications market.
-Mobile Market
Consumer demands for electronic devices
-Broadband Market
Internet access
-Lots of mobile companies that sell cheap mobile phone.
-Filipinos use technology for their businesses
-Easier access and sharing of information- led to FAKE NEWS and TROLLS (some are paid to confuse and spread fake information)
Advertising made its way to the online world as well -
Communication Technology
-2011 PH AS SOCIAL MEDIA CAPITAL OF THE WORLD Filipinos- highlighted in the online world with its heavy usage of socmed 93.9% of the population - heavy FB users -2013 Massive Growth of the country’s Mobile Networks Cellular subscription reached 102 M -2014 PH - fastest growing internet population in the last 5 years (531% growth) PH Internet users-38 M out of a population of 100 M. -2017 Internet Connection PopulationPenetration 119M Mobile Phone Subscriptions in the PH (117% Penetration Rate) -
Status of Society
ABS-CBN, “Boto Mo Ipatrol Mo” (patrol your vote)
NEWS ONLINE
-2011 A study revealed that 68% of the respondents trust online news as sources of news and information, 49% trust social media
LAW
-The Bill of Rights protects freedom of expression but some laws undermine this protection.
-Section 4c of 2012 Cybercrime Prevention Act classifies libel as a cybercrime.
-2016 Crowdsourcing Act- allow citizens to participate in the legislative process and include their comments on pending bills
