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Period: 500 to 1400
Medieval Period
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1030
Guido of Arezzo's Mircologus
Invented the 4-line staff and allowed students to practice relative pitch and sight-singing. -
Period: 1098 to 1179
Hildegard of Bingen
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1323
Ars Nova Treatise
Created a form of dictating that notated time signatures (Prolation) and note duration. Perfect and imperfect prolation were examples of this innovation. -
Period: 1450 to
Renaissance Period
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1485
Josquin's Motet: Ave Maria
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1529
Martin Luther Chorale: Ein feste burg (A Mighty Fortress..)
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1538
Acradelt Madrigal: Il bianco e dolce cigno
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1567
Palestrina: Pope Marcellus Mass
Created Polyphony with 6 voices while still retaining clear words and lyrics, also known as Ars Perfecta. -
Victoria: Missa O magnum mysterium
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Gabrieli: Sonata Pian'e Forte
Written in Venice and is the first piece to have written dynamics. -
Period: to
Baroque Era
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Monteverdi's L'Orfeo
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First Public Concerts in England
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Period: to
J.S. Bach
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Antonio Vivaldi's L'Estro Armonico
It was published by Etienne Roger in Amsterdam, a very improtant place for publishing at the time. This was the first time his music was printed and also the first time Vivaldi chose a foreign publisher outside of Italy. -
Rameau's Traité de l’harmonie
Codified music theory rules that his comtemporaries used, this piece was his most influencial in this regard. -
Bach's The Well-Tempered Clavier Vol. 1
Made 24 preludes and fugues in every key and it is the first time all keys were used effectively on one instrument. Via this, it standardized Equal Temperment -
Period: to
Franz Joseph Haydn
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Handel's Messiah
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Period: to
WA Mozart
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Period: to
Viennese Classical Period
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Period: to
Le Chevalier de Saint-Georges as director of Concerts des Amateurs
This orchestra was one of the finest orchestra's in Europe, and he himself was called "the most accomplished man in Europe" by U.S. President John Adams for his work. -
Mozart's Don Giovanni
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Haydn's Symphony No. 94 "Surprise"
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Beethoven's Symphony No. 5 in C minor
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Schubert's Erlkönig
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Nicolo Paganini's 24 Caprices for Violin, op.1
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Berlioz's Symphonie Fantastique
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Period: to
Frederic Chopin Mazurkas Op.7
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Fanny Mendelssohn-Hensel's Das Jahr
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Period: to
Louis Moreau Gottschalk's Souvenir de Porto Rico
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Mussorgsky Pictures at an Exhibition
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Bizet Carmen
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Wagner Der Ring des Nibelungen
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Brahms' Symphony No.4
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Mahler Symphony No.1
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Dvorak Symphony No. 9 "From the New World"
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Scott Joplin's Maple Leaf Rag (published)
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Jean Sibelius' Finlandia (premiere)
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Claude Debussy's Voiles” from Préludes Book 1
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Arnold Schönberg's Pierrot Lunaire
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Igor Stravinsky's Le sacre du Printemps (premiere)
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Arnold Schönberg's Piano Suite, Op.25
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Louis Armstrong's "Hotter Than That"
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George and Ira Gershwin's "I Got Rhythm" (published)
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Shostakovich Symphony No.5 (premiere)
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Prokofiev Alexander Nevsky (film)
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Duke Ellington's Cottontail
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Period: to
Olivier Messiaen's Quatuor pour le fine du temps
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Bela Bartók's Concerto for Orchestra
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Copland Appalachian Spring
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John Cage's 4’33’’
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Period: to
Edward Varese Poeme Electronique
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Miles Davis Kind of Blue
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George Crumb's Ancient Voices of Children
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John Adams' Short Ride in a Fast Machine