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"Coral Way Elementary: pioneer in bilingual education"
After the Cuban revolution, Florida received a great influx of cuban refugees. This led to Coral Way Elementary School to open the bilingual-bicultural program where all students, English speaking and Spanish speaking, were a part of a program that integrated both languages and cuban culture in classes for the Children to learn. This allowed for English students to learn beyond their culture, Spanish students to keep their culture and learn the dominant culture at the same time. -
"Project Head Start Opens its Doors"
Project Head Start, was part of the "war on Poverty" that started in 1964 by president Johnson. the program runs to this day and it's a preschool education program for children from low-income families and with disabilities. This program allows fro children that are normally segregated by class and ability and many times race and religion to have a chance to catch up with students from more affluent areas. It helps children that may not be integrated in the Dominant Culture succeed. -
"The Indian Education Act Becomes Law"
The Indian Education Act was the way the U.S. government found to recognize the cultural needs that Native Americans had in their education. Not only in traditions but also in language. It also provided services that the Bureau of Indian Affairs did not to the Native American community, such as a formula program and grants. -
"The Equal Educational Opportunities Act passes"
This Act made it illegal to discriminate against students or staff based on race, ethnicity or language spoken. It also made it the schools obligation to ensure that students had equal access and equal participation in school. Later the bill added discrimination against disabilities, sex-based and religion. Although the Act is still enforced, student discrimination is still a problem in schools. -
"Case of Lau v. Nichols"
Supreme Court rules that the public school in S. Francisco's inability to teach English to Chinese-Americans is a violation of the Civil rights Act of 1964. This reinforced the belief that all students from all backgrounds deserve equal opportunities in school regardless if they speak English or not. -
"California's Proposition 187"
As a reflection of the racial divide of the time, California voters passed the Proposition 187 allowing schools to verify and report the immigration status of students. This resulted in many children not accessing education for fear of deportation. It discriminated against latinos in general who were the main target for the immigration status checks. Which created a non-inclusive environment at schools targeting the students culture heritage. This proposition was overturned in 1999. -
" James Bank's 'Multicultural Education: Transformative Knowledge and Action' Book"
James Bank's is a Professor at UW College of Education and is the founding director of the Center for Multicultural Education. His Book made a great contribution to the growing educational awareness of multiculturalism and it's importance. The book provides compelling arguments filled with reliable sources, showing the importance of multicultural education in the U.S. at the time. -
"Alabama, First state to Require Public Schools to Check Immigrant Status of Students
A judge's ruling in Alabama made it a requirement for public schools to check the children's immigration status when they enrolled. They were still admitted but the school would have to report on these status as an attempt to track the number of undocumented people in the state. The issue is that once again, out of fear of deportation, many children would be denied equal access and opportunity to education and Latino students would be discriminated against. -
"New Texas Social Curriculum Standards"
In 2010 the Board of Education in Texas approved a social Studies Curriculum that rewrote U.S. History in a way we commonly call "White wash". Textbooks were to adopt this new version of History that was considered a "conservative view on historical events". This was problematic because it ignored the diversity of this country and silenced the ethnic heritage belonging to minorities such as Latinos and African Americans. -
"Transgender Students to Join Female Sports Teams"
Minnesota state high School League votes in favor of the policy that allows transgender students to be a part of female team sports. although there was a lot of controversy surrounding this decision, for students in the public school system this was an incredible opportunity to become more diverse and learn from a different point of view. This fits as a multicultural win since many transgenders are also from different ethnic backgrounds and provide a different perspective to other students.
