History of Mexico 1 ValeriaHk

Very early humans

40,000 BCE

There was a difference between apes and man. Early humans like hominids could stand up upright. Apes could not.

Hunter-gatherer

12,000 BCE

Hunter-gatherer cultures forage or hunt food from their environment. Often nomadic, this was the only way of life for humans until about 12,000 years ago when archaeologic studies show evidence of the emergence of agriculture. Human lifestyles began to change as groups formed permanent settlements and tended crops.

Aridoamerica

10,000 BCE

Extended in the north of mesoamerica.
Climate; Scater rains and very dry
Flora: Inexistent
Fauna: Insects , reptiles , birds and mammals.

Cro-Magnon man

7000 BCE

They lived in Europe. This group learned to cure and store food for long winter. They made clothing and jewelry.

Mesoamerica

7000 BCE

Mesoamérica is a historical region in North America that includes parts of modern-day Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, and El Salvador. This area is known for its rich cultural heritage and significant pre-Columbian civilizations, including the Olmec, Maya, and Aztec.
Mesoamerica is also notable for its contributions to art, mathematics, and astronomy, influencing cultures across the Americas.

Neanderthals

5000 BCE

Neanderthals are our closest ancient human relatives. Scientific evidence suggests our two species shared a common ancestor. Current evidence from both fossils and DNA suggests that Neanderthal and modern human lineages separated at least 500,000 years ago.

Oasisamerica

5000 BCE

Oasis América refers to a region in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, characterized by its unique environments and prehistoric cultures. It encompasses areas around the Rio Grande, the Colorado River, and the Sonoran Desert.
The region's adaptation to harsh conditions showcases the resilience and ingenuity of its ancient inhabitants.

Stone Age

4000 BCE

Stone was widely used to make stone tools with an edge, a pint or a percussion surface.

Polynesian

4000 BCE

Settled the pacific by accident through a series of voyages. The theory claims that Polynesians canoes and navigational skills were not adequate for international exploration and colonization.

Litica

3000 BCE

A long period of nomadism , gathering , hunting and fishing, which covers the millennia of the Pleistocene glaciations.

Prothoneolithic

2500 BCE

Transition between town that were based on an appropriation economy and sedentary communities that were based on the agricultur.

Handy man

2000 BCE

They were originally thought to be the first apes to do so, but recent evidence places the earliest tools before the earliest H. habilis fossils. It is actually impossible to say definitively whether or not handy man used tools at all, as multiple species of early hominids co-existed in the same place at the same time.

Mayas

2000 BCE

Multi level elevated plataforms , massive step pyramids.
Religion : Polytheistic
Cultural elements: Art, architecture mathematics.
Inventions : Mathematical concept of zero.
Rulers : Religious authority, tribute system, military leadership

Bering

2000 BCE

Human groups would cross it when frosts caused drops in sea level and the two continents formed a single block between Siberia and Alaska.

Incas

1533 BCE

Architecture: Were made of stone
Religion: Polytheistic religion
Cultural elements: Incas developed a unique method of record keeping using quipu.
Language : Quechua
Inventions : freeze dried food

Post classical

1500 BCE

Spanish were arriving to Mesoamérica. They stablished there base in northern Yucatán. Introduction of European diseases, the suppression of native traditions and conscription of labor took place.

Aztecs

1345 BCE

Northern Mexico
Architecture: Symmetry and elements likes geometric designs.
Religion: Polytheistic and monistic phantoteism.
Language: Nahuatl and codices

Mexicas settled in Chapultepec

1276 BCE

Around the 13 century mexicas / Aztecs entered to the valley of Mexico.
They were compared from different cultures such as teotihuacans.

Classical period

950 BCE

Considered to be highlight of the Maya civilization. In this period mayor pyramids , temples and palaces were built. Trades were important , Maya traded whit Teotihuacán.

Toltecs

750 BCE

Style in central Mexico
Art: Sculptural style was realistic and reflected great artistic skill
Religion : they believed in Quetzalcoatl
Knowledge: experts in writing , astronomy, mathematics

Zapotecs

500 BCE

Valley of Oaxaca
Dedicated to the cultivation of corn, cocoa , chili beans.
Art: Skilled sculptors and weavers
Religion : Characterized by gods related to nature.

Pre classical

250 BCE

There was the beginning of cultures
The social organization was simple it was a family centered life.

16th century

16 BCE

Was the beginning of structures that would continue through the colonial period.
As the Spanish crown began to take control of the situation , it centralized political decision and displaced the old conquistador from their privileged positions.

15 century

15 BCE

Spain did not even formally exist, the Iberian peninsula at this time was mainly up special Christian kingdom.
Castile and king Ferdinand II of Argon were married.

Mexicas

13 BCE

Around 13 century Mexicas/Aztecs entered to the Valley of Mexico.
They were compared from different cultures , such as Teotihuacán.

Fall of Mesoamerica

8 BCE

Smallpox is a European disease that the natives had no immunities against.
Francisco Pizarro: Conquistador general who sent his sights on the Incas in Peru. He only had 170 troops but arrived in the middle of the civil war.
Spain now controls Mexico, central and South America mines and platinums make Spain rich.

Europeans colonized the new world

5 BCE

Thanks to Columbus , gets the head start on colonizing the new world.
In order to colonize, Spain had to del with the people living in central and South America.

Real monarchy

Aug 5, 1376

Medias had a real monarchy , had military talent , victorious campaigns and great choqueror.

Toltecs successors

1500

Toltecs successors created an empire 3 centuries until de 15 century.

Lucy

Aug 7, 1974

First human
Was found in Africa

Upright man

2000

Is the oldest known species to have a human-like body, with relatively elongated legs and shorter arms in comparison to its torso. It had an upright posture. And they did know how to use fire.