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Period: to
Educational timeline
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The Mayflower arrives
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Colonial School System
The colonial school system paralleled the British two track system. Students who were from the lower class took elementary level classes for practical skills and religious instruction. Upper class students attended latin grammer schools and got a college prep education. -
First preschool
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Objective of Colonial Schools
Stressed religious objectives, there was no distinction between secular and religious life. Elementary education stressed reading so they could read the Bible and recieve salvation. -
Dame Schools
Instuction for boys and often the only schooling for girls. Run by widows or housewives in their homes, supported by modest fees from parents. Held in the kitchen and taught the barest essentials of reading, writeing, and arithmetic. Females were sometimes taught sewing and basic homemaking skills. They began by learning the alphabet from a horn book, it was copy of the alphabet covered by a thin transparent sheet made from a cows horn. -
Latin grammer school
Previded a pre-college education to the countries future leaders. Boys enrolled at the age of seven or eight, following graduation they would assume leadership rolls in the church. At first they were seven year schools then they became four year schools. Teachers assumed that students could read and write before starting. They were expected to read latin authors, to speek latin in poetry and prose, as well as congicate Greek verbs. -
Harvard College is established
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Low Status of Colonial Teachers
They only needed minimal qualification and had low pay. Elementary school teachers got the least respect. They had to have high moral character, however they did more than just teach, they had to sweep, ring the bells, taught bible lessons, and substuted for sick pastors. -
Puritan Views of Children
That people are inherently sinful, childhood play seen as devil inspired idolness. Path to redmption layed in learning to curb one's natural instincts and behave like an adult as quickly as possible. To bring about this premature growth the instructor the teachers corrected the children constantly, were very strict, and punishments were severe. -
The Massachusetts Bay School Law
required parents assure their children know the principles of religion and the capital laws of the commonwealth . -
The Massachusetts law of 1647 (Old Deluder Saten Act)
A town with 50 families needs a schoolmaster to teach them to read and write. A town with 100 families need a Latin grammer master to help enter Harvard. Children weren't getting adequate education in religion and ocupational training. -
Essay Conserning Human Understanding - John Locke
Tabula Rasa - blank slate -
New England Primer
Most widley used school book in New England - Printed in Boston, Introduced children to the letters of the alphabet through the use of illistative woodcuts and rhymed couplts. Gave them stern religious warnings about the conduct of life. -
Reading and Writeing schools
Boys recieved an education that went beyond what their parents could teach at home. Reading lessons were based on the Bible, religious catechisms, and the New England Primer. -
Some Thoughts Concerning Education - John Locke
Views on educationing upper class boys to be moral, rationally thinking young gentlemen -
College of William and Mary
Second college to open in America - Thomas Jefferson's college. -
Sarah Pierce's Academy
Was established to teach females, not to make learned ladies, reasoners, or scholars. focused on a woman's work at home with her husband and rasing her children. -
Benjamin Franklin
Established first English Academy bath Classical and modern courses becomes University of Pennsylvania. These academies replaced the old latin grammer schools. They had a curriculum that was broader and more practical also focused on the english language rather than latin, more democratically run. most academies were public, anyone who could pay could attend regardless of church affiliation. -
Main objective of Education
Shifted from religion to agriculture, shipping, and commerce. through education people would become intellegent participating citizens of a constitutional democracy. -
French & Indian War
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Jean-Jacques Rousseau - Emile, ou l'education
contrast of views at the time
influenced John Dewey -
Treaty of Paris
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Christoper Dock
German Mennonite from Pennsylvania published first book about teaching in colonial America -
Schools for African Americans and Native Americans.
Schools for African Americans and Native Americans were started by Quakers, who believed that slavery was a moral evil. The best know school for African Americans was founded in Philadelphia by Anthony Benezet. Quakers founded schools for Native Americans as philanthropic enterprises. -
Moravians - School for girls
School establioshed in North Carolina later became Salem College -
Revolutionary war begins
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Jefferson's bill
planned for state controlled elementary schools that would teach with no cost to parents. 3 years of reading, writeing, and arithmetic to all white children. 20 state grammer schools where selected poor children would be taught for a maximum of 6 years. It was unsuccessful. He was passionate about education because he believed provideing basic education was needed to raise the mass of the people to the high ground of moral respectability necessary to their own safty and to orderly governement. -
Revolutionary War ends
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Noah Webster
published A Grammatical Institute of the English Language
renamed American Spelling book never been out of print. writers and publishers saw the text book as an appropriate vehicle for promoting democratic ideals and cultural independence from England, -
Land Ordinance
Divided townships in western territories set one plot for the school, it mandated the schools be support by the town. -
Young Ladies Academy
First academy for girls in America -
Bill of Rights
10th Amendment Education is a state power -
James Pillans
Invented Blackboard -
Connecticut Asylum
First permanent school for deaf in US -
Federal funds for reservation schools
granted through the office of Indian affairs, federal involvement brought little improvement in programs and enrollments. -
Boston English High School
First public high school
