-
Colonial and Republican Schooling
As a defensive measure against the decline of religion and culture, the Puritans who founded the colonies in New England demonstrated a specific eagerness to support education and literacy. Boston town officials decided that they needed to appoint a schoolmaster in 1635. The following year saw the opening of both Harvard College and the Boston Latin Grammar School. -
HISTORICAL TIMELINE OF PUBLIC EDUCATION IN THE US
The Massachusetts Bay Colony's General Court rules that every town with fifty families must have an elementary school, and every town with 100 families must have a Latin school. Having Puritan youngsters learn to read the Bible and acquire the fundamentals of their Calvinist religion is the aim. -
HISTORICAL TIMELINE OF PUBLIC EDUCATION IN THE US
A two-track educational system is what Thomas Jefferson suggests, with distinct courses for "the laboring and the learning." Jefferson claims that education would help a small number of members of the working class advance by "raking a few geniuses from the rubbish." -
Plessy V. Ferguson
Plessy V. Ferguson was a case where the court ruled that state-mandated segregation laws did not violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The case started when Homer Plessy refused to sit in a car for black people. He argued that his rights were violated. On May 18, 1896 the supreme court made a decision and ruled that the 14th amendment only applied to political and civil rights. -
Unequal pay between black and white teachers
The NAACP files a number of lawsuits regarding the differential compensation of Black and White teachers in southern states. At the same time, southern states become aware that northern cities are stealing their African American workers. Spending on Black schools in the South increased to some extent as a result of these two sources of pressure. -
Brown V. the Board of education
Brown V. the board of education was a landmark supreme court case where the justices ruled that racial segregation of children in public schools were unconstitutional. Oliver Brown filed a suit against the board of education after his daughter was denied access to attend an all white school. Brown argued that the schools for black students were not equal to the white schools. The court later ruled that separating kids in public schools based on their race was unconstitutional. -
Title IX
Discrimination based on sex is prohibited in educational programs and activities that receive federal financial support under Title IX. No person in the United States should be "refused the benefits of, be denied the opportunity to participate in, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance. -
Education of all Handicapped Children Act
The United States Congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act 94-142 in 1975. This law mandated that children with physical and mental disabilities receive equal access to education and one free meal each day in all public schools that accept federal funding. -
Pyler V. Doe
Pyler V. Doe was a landmark decision that decided that states cannot constitutionally deny students free public education despite their immigration status. In a 5-4 decision issued on June 15, 1982, the court held that withholding state money for local school districts that educated children living in the country without legal permission was a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.