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The origins
The idea of filming,creating and reproducing the movement with mechanic tools is very old.The technique to capture reality had been devbeloped in the nineteenth century.
Inspired by this design, the lumiere brothers created the
cinematograph.This device permited filming, projecting and even copying moving images.
.The first presentation was the 28th of december of 1985 in Paris. -
The creation of special effects
For many years, the cinema was considered a minor attraction, even a fair number, but the initial kick to make stories and experience visual narrative resources was when Georges Méliès used the cinematograph creating rudimentary, but effective, special effects. The filmmakers captured the great possibilities that the invention offered and that was how in the first decade of the twentieth century many small film studies emerged, both in the United States and in Europe. -
Color cinema
In 1909, in London, color films were projected for the first time where only two colors were used: green and red which were mixed. But in fact, it was in 1901 when the first color film in history was created. The scenes were shot in black and white, to then add green, red and blue filters. Finally it was created by joining the original footage and filters in a special projector. Later, in 1916, technicolor arrived. -
Cinema in 1910s
The films were just a few minutes, they dealt with simple subjects, and they were of relatively cheap production. The problem of sound had not been solved, so the functions were accompanied by a piano and a rapporteur. At this time, almost all of the film genres emerged: science fiction, historical or period. The first judgments about copyright occurred, which led to the creation of film franchises. -
Cinema in EEUU
In the United States, cinema was overwhelmingly successful, due to a peculiar social circumstance: since it was a country of immigrants, many of whom did not speak English, both the theater and the press or books were forbidden because of the language barrier, and because of this the silent cinema became a very important source of entertainment for them. -
Mute cinema
During the first 30 years the films were silent. Usually we talk about silent movies, when the films try to show moving images without any sound. But the projections in the rooms were accompanied by music played by a pianist or a small orchestra and also commented by the voice of an explainer, an essential figure that made it possible for illiterate crowds or immigrants unfamiliar with the language to understand the film. -
New techniques
In those years, the technique of telling a story in images underwent a great evolution. The first filmmakers conceived cinema as a filmed theater. Consequently, the scenes were simple painted curtains, and a static camera was used. As time passed, the directors learned techniques that today seem basic, such as moving the camera, but which at that time were revolutionary ideas. -
Impresionism
Este estilo valora el naturalismo, el estilo directo, el ir más allá de los esquemas melodramáticos. El cine impresionista fue llamado así porque los autores pretendían que la narración representara la conciencia de los protagonistas. Otorgan importancia a la narración psicológica, los sentimientos y los estados de ánimo de los personajes. -
Surrealism
It combined the image, with the feelings. Images that break with temporal logic predominate. Surrealism is presented as a means of liberation of the spirit and a revolution that attacks the logical, aesthetic and moral order. Likewise, it attacks the pillars of bourgeois society and its unquestioned values. It is about asserting the dark side of life, so that reality is defined by free sleep and by the imagination of the subconscious. -
propaganda cinema
During times of great political and military confrontations, cinema was used as a strong tool to propagate ideologies and proposals for action. Totalitarian regimes throughout the twentieth century made great use of montage and film techniques for propaganda. -
Sound cinema
The introduction of sound in films made great changes in the technique and cinematographic expression, for example: the camera lost mobility, was relegated to the fixed position of primitive cinema and the image lost its aesthetics in the face of the greater importance of dialogue. The actors were also involved in this technical change. -
WWII Cinema
In the Second World War many studios were able to provide services creating propaganda films. But once finished, Hollywood experienced problems. In 1948, the courts of justice forced them to part with film chains. Hollywood had to face the popularization of television. Hollywood responded by reinforcing aspects in which television could not compete and benefited. During this time the color was standardized, improving the Technicolor. -
Changes in Hollywood cinema
All these changes in the cinema, which followed society closely, were going to hit the cinema in the United States. This is how in the 1960s and 1970s a series of new filmmakers were formed, which redefined the notion of Hollywood cinema. Despite their very different themes and concerns, or perhaps because of that, they all had in common the privilege of a personal or authorial view of their films, over commercial cinema. -
Comercial cinema
As Hollywood films grew larger, the cinema of other regions reacted in turn. Thus, the crack between the so-called commercial cinema and the art cinema deepened. This was due to several reasons. On the one hand, the commercial cinema became increasingly expensive to produce, and therefore, fewer producers could venture into it, although this trend was partially reversed with the rise of computing. -
Digital cinema
On February 2nd, 2000, in Paris, Philippe Binant made the first public screening of digital cinema in Europe developed by Texas Instruments. With the rapid spread of digital and the proliferation of formats, the Digital Cinema Initiatives (DCI), working together with members of the SMPTE protocol committee, published a system of specifications adopted by the largest US producers. -
XXI cinema
The generalization of technologies related to the computer changed cinema forever. The old special effects were developed by computers. A very symbolic step was taken by Disney Studios, when they focused on the computer animation market.
