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Drum Brake
The brake drums have brake shoes that are fitted with brake linings which are used to press against the inside of the drum generating friction which is used to slow down the rotation of the drum. Drum brakes are usually made of cast iron which is heat-resistant and wear-resistant due to the amount of kinetic and thermal energy produced by using the brake. The drum brake impacted the way someone drove an automobile because it does not matter if you are going forwards or backward it still works. -
Contracting Hand Brake
The contracting hand brakes are used as parking brakes in automobiles. When the brake lever is pulled the band brake is tightened around the rotating drum slowing it down, eventually leading to a stop. The band is usually made of a thin, flexible piece of steel that is fitted and shaped to the drum, with a frictional lining that is bolted to the inner surface. The invention of the contracting brake allowed automobiles to come to a complete stop much safer and quicker than using a wood block. -
Disc Brake
Disc brakes are generally used in passenger cars due to their stable performance in slowing down vehicles at high speeds and resistance to brake fade. As well as the efficiency of dissipating the thermal energy when braking due to it being exposed to the environment. The disc brake works by having a disc that is connected to the rotating wheel of a car made of friction material which is clamped together by two pads. When in use the pads clamp down on the disc causing the car to decelerate. -
Regenerative Braking
Regenerative braking works like a generator. When braking the electric motors that accelerate the car reverses and feeds energy back into the hybrid or electric system which helps to replenish a little bit of range in the distance of the vehicle. These small boosts can help improve efficiency over time when brakes are being used regularly. -
ABS (Anti-lock Braking System
The anti-lock braking system is a system that is now a safety requirement in all vehicles that has sensors that detect how fast the discs are rotating in the car when accelerating or decelerating. When coming to an abrupt stop, the ABS system detects when the wheels are about to lock and then rapidly reduces and increases the braking pressure multiple times throughout the process. Which in turn allows the car to slow down instead of locking up and allows for more control over steering.