History of Astronomy Timeline

  • Aristole
    384 BCE

    Aristole

    (384BC-322BC) Proved Earth was spherical, along with the Sun, Moon and Planets. Believed Earth was attached to an invisible shell and Moon.
  • Mariners Astrolabe
    220 BCE

    Mariners Astrolabe

    Inclinometer to determine the latitude of a ship by measuring the Sun's noon altitude of a star.
  • Hipparchus
    190 BCE

    Hipparchus

    (190BC-120BC) Discovery of the precession of the equinox. Created one of the first star catalog. Also calculated distance between Sun, Moon, and Earth.
  • Ptolemy
    100

    Ptolemy

    (100AD-120AD) Earth is at center, under the geocentric model, Sun, Moon, stars, and planets. They all orbit Earth.
  • Copernicus
    1473

    Copernicus

    (1473-1543) Heliocentric model, the Sun is to lie in the center, while Earth and other planets revolved around it. Also came up with the scientific method steps.
  • Tycho Brahe
    1546

    Tycho Brahe

    (1546-1601) He is known for his observations. Had most comprehensive and accurate space timing.
  • Galileo
    1564

    Galileo

    (1564-1642) He discovered Sun spots. Proved stars are not fix to invisible shells. Proved everything doesn't revolve around Earth. Also proved other things revolved around other planets.
  • Hans Lippershey
    1570

    Hans Lippershey

    (1571-1619) 3X more manification. Associated with the telescope.
  • Johannes Kepler
    1571

    Johannes Kepler

    (1571-1630) was a German mathematician motion.
  • Refracting Telescope

    Refracting Telescope

    First developed in 1608. An optical telescope that uses a lens as its objective to form an image.
  • Giovanni Cassini

    Giovanni Cassini

    (1625-1712) Was a French astronomer discovered the Cassini Division, the dark gap between the rings A and B of Saturn. He also discovered the 4 Saturn's Moons.
  • Sir Isaac Newton

    Sir Isaac Newton

    (1643-1727) Recognized as one of the most influential scientists of all time. Also helped develop the infinitesimal calculus.
  • Relecting telescope

    Relecting telescope

    Was invented in 1668. A small telescope that is generally considered by professional astronomers to be any reflector-type telescope with a primary mirror of less than 2 meters diameter.
  • William Herschel

    William Herschel

    (1738-1822) Was a British astronomer, the Founder of Sidereal astronomy of the systematic observation of the heavens.
  • Percival Lowell

    Percival Lowell

    (1855-1916) Was an American astronomer who predicted the existence of a planet beyond the orbit of Neptune and initiated the search that ended in discovery of Pluto.
  • Ejnar Hertzsprung

    Ejnar Hertzsprung

    (1873-1967) Was a Danish astronomer who developed the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.
  • Albert Einstein

    Albert Einstein

    (1879-1955) Was a German physicists who made a theory of relativity and gravitation.
  • Edwin Hubble

    Edwin Hubble

    (1889-1953) Was an American Astronomer who discovered colors of the stars and discovered the universe is expanding and his theory was based on the Big Bang Theory.
  • Karl Jansky

    Karl Jansky

    (1905-1950) Discovered the radio waves are emanating from space.
  • John Glenn

    John Glenn

    (1921-2016) First man to walk on the moon. Also became the first American to orbit the Earth 3 times.
  • Neil Armstrong

    Neil Armstrong

    (1930-2012) First man to walk on the moon.
  • Sputnik

    Sputnik

    (1954) Was the first artificial Earth satellite and it was launched to low Earth orbit.
  • Mars Pathfinder Expedition

    Mars Pathfinder Expedition

    (1956) It was designed as a technology demonstration of a new way to deliver an instrumental lander and the first-ever robotic rover to the surface of the red planet. Also returned on unprecedented amount of data and outlived its primary design.
  • Yuri Gagarin

    Yuri Gagarin

    (1961) First human (Soviet) to orbit Earth.
  • Apollo Mission

    Apollo Mission

    (1963-1975) Get humans on moon and get them back.
  • First Space Shuttle Flight

    First Space Shuttle Flight

    (1981) Was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the national aeronautics and the space administration which transported Earth's orbit crew.
  • Cassini Orbiter

    Cassini Orbiter

    (1997-2017) Was a collaboration between NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency to send a probe to study the planet Saturn and its system, including its rings and natural satellites.
  • SpaceX Falcon Heavy

    SpaceX Falcon Heavy

    (2018) Increases the low Earth maximum. Based on Fuselage and engines of the Falcon Heavy design.