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100
The Almagest
-2nd century book written by Caudius Ptolemy
-contained a star catolauge that recorded 48 constellations
-ancesstrial to modern system of constelations -
Period: 100 to
history of astronomy AD
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Period: 100 to Jan 1, 1300
The Golden Age
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476
Aryabhata
-lived 472-550
-first in line of great Indian astronomers
-Created Aryabhatiya, a compendium of mathematics and astronomy -
Jan 1, 600
On the Reckoning of Time
-• In the Seventh Century the English monk Bede of Jarrow published an influential text, On the Reckoning of Time, providing churchmen with the practical astronomical knowledge needed to compute the proper date of Easter using a procedure called computus. -The computus is thus the procedure of determining the first Sunday after the first ecclesiastical full moon that falls on or after 21 March -astronomy continued to be used for religious purposes -
Jan 1, 1006
Ali ibn Ridwan observes SN 1006
-Ali ibn Ridwan, an egyptian- muslim astronomer, observes SN 1006, the brightest supernova in recorded history, and left a detailed description of the temporary star -
Period: Jan 1, 1301 to
Age of enlightenment
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Feb 19, 1473
Nicolaus Copernicus
-19 February 1473 – 24 May 1543 -first person to formulate a comprehensive heliocentric system which did not have the Earth in the center of the universe, which launched the modern age of astronomy -
Feb 15, 1564
Galileo Galilei
-15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642 -Contributions to astronomy include the telescopic confirmation of the phases of Venus, the discovery of the four largest satellites of Jupiter (named the Galilean moons in his honor), and the observation of sunspots -
Dec 27, 1571
Johannes Kepler
-lived December 27, 1571 – November 15, 1630
-published three important laws of planetary motion
-1.The orbit of every planet is an ellipse with the Sun at one of the two foci.
2.A line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time
3.The square of the orbital period of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit -
earliest known record of meteor shower
- The Cinease create the earlyest known recorded observation of a meteor shower
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Mural Sextant first used
-used by Alkhujandi or al-Khujandi, an islamic astronomer -Sextants for astronomical observations were devices depicting a sixth of a circle, used primarily for measuring the positions of stars -intended to determine the Earth's axial tilt to high precision. -
al-Khujandi
-c. 940 – 1000
-he is known to have constructed the first mural sextant in 994 AD
-He determined the axial tilt to be 23°32'19" in the year 994 AD. He noted that measurements by earlier astronomers had found higher values and thus discovered that the axial tilt is not constant but is in fact (currently) decreasing -
Āryabhaṭīya
-a compendium of mathematics and astronomy, has survived to modern times -covers arithmetic, algebra, plane trigonometry, and spherical trigonometry. It also contains continued fractions, quadratic equations, and sums-of-power series, and a table of sines -also contains Geometric/trigonometric aspects of the celestial sphere, features of the ecliptic, celestial equator, node, shape of the earth, cause of day and night, -
Alfraganus
- lived around the 9th century AD -calculated the diameter of the Earth by the measurement of the meridian arc length -Lunar crater was named after him
