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The beginning
Peter Roget presented his paper 'The persistence of vision with regard to moving objects' to the British Royal Society. -
PHENAKITOSCOPE
Dr. Joseph Antoine Plateau (a Belgian scientist) and Dr. Simon Rittrer constructed a machine called a phenakitstoscope. This machine produced an illusion of movement by allowing a viewer to gaze at a rotating disk containing small windows; behind the windows was another disk containing a sequence of images. When the disks were rotated at the correct speed, the synchronization of the windows with the images created an animated effect. -
Eadweard Muybridge
Eadweard Muybridge started his photographic gathering of animals in motion. -
Motion pictures
Thomas Edison started his research work into motion pictures. -
Kinetoscope
Thomas Edison announced his creation of the kinetoscope which projected a 50ft length of film in approximately 13 seconds -
HUMOROUS PHASES OF FUNNY FACES
J. Stuart Blackton made the first animated film which he called "Humorous phases of funny faces." His method was to draw comical faces on a blackboard and film them. He would stop the film, erase one face to draw another, and then film the newly drawn face. The ‘stop-motion’ provided a starting effect as the facial expressions changed be fore the viewer’s eyes. -
Phantasmagorie
In France Emile Cohl produced a film, Phantasmagorie which was the first depicting white figures on a black background. -
En Route
Emile Cohl makes En Route the first paper cutout animation. This technique saves time by not having to redraw each new cell, only reposition the paper. -
Little "Nemo"
Winsor McCay produced an animation sequence using his comic strip character "Little Nemo." -
Cel animations
Earl Hurd applies for a patent for the technique of drawing the animated portion of an animation on a clear celluloid sheet and later photographing it with its matching background. [Cel animation] -
"Gertie"
Winsor McCay produced a cartoon called "Gertie, The Trained Dinosaur" which amazingly consisted of 10,000 drawings. -
FELIX THE CAT
Musical Mews and Feline Follies introduced Felix the Cat—often considered the first animated movie star. -
STEAMBOAT WILLIE
Featuring Mickey Mouse—becomes the first cartoon with the sound printed on the film,
and is the first notable success for Walt Disney Studios, founded in Los Angeles in 1923. -
Merrie Melodies
The King of Jazz is produced by Universal. In it is a short animated sequence done by Walter Lantz. It is the first animation done with the two strip technicolor process
