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Development of the Atomic Bomb - Manhattan Project
ust before the beginning of World War II, Albert Einstein wrote to then President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Einstein and several other scientists told Roosevelt of efforts in Nazi Germany to purify uranium-235, which could be used to build an atomic bomb. The United States Government began the serious undertaking known then only as "The Manhattan Project." -
US Ambassador to Japn learns about Japanese Surprise Attack Plan
Joseph C. Grew, the U.S. ambassador to Japan, wires Washington that he has learned that Japan is planning a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. No one in Washington believes the information. Most senior American military experts believe the Japanese would attack Manila in the Philippine Islands if war broke out. -
In a letter to President Roosevelt
In a letter to President Roosevelt, Representative John Dingell of Michigan suggests imprisoning Hawaiian Japanese Americans as hostages to ensure safety. -
The "bomb plot" message from Japan
The "bomb plot" message from Japanese naval to Japan's general in Honolulu requesting a grid of exact locations of ships in Pearl Harbor is deciphered. The information is not shared with the Hawaii's Adm. Kimmel and Gen. Short. -
Submarines, the first units involved in the attack, depart Japan.
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US receives a warning from Washington- of Japnese Attack
Kimmel and Short receive a so-called "war warning" from Washington indicating a Japanese attack, possibly on an American target in the Pacific, is likely. -
Begin of Pearl Harbour Attack
The Japanese attack continues for two hours and 20 minutes. When it's over, more than 2,400 Americans are dead and nearly 1,200 wounded. Eighteen ships have been sunk or damaged. More than 300 aircraft are damaged or destroyed. -
Authorization of the Manhattan Project
The day before the bombing of Pearl Harbor, President Roosevelt authorizes the Manhattan Engineering District with $2 billion to build the atom bomb. This decision made a huge impact on the race to the bomb, seeing as it got us started in the race. -
The attack on Pearl Harbor
The attack on Pearl Harbor. Local authorities and the F.B.I. begin to round up the leadership of the Japanese American communities -
Pearl Harbour Attack : Youtube Video
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US declares War against Japan
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Executive Order 9066
President Roosevelt signs Executive Order 9066 which allows military authorities to exclude anyone from anywhere without trial or hearings. Though the subject of only limited interest at the time, this order set the stage for the entire forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans. -
Public Proclamation
Gen. John L. DeWitt issues Public Proclamation No. 1 which creates Military Areas Nos. 1 and 2. Military Area No. 1 includes the western portion of California, Oregon and Washington, and part of Arizona while Military Area No. 2 includes the rest of these states. The proclamation also hints that people might be excluded from Military Area No. 1. -
Gila River, AZ : Japanese Internment Camp
The 16,500-acre site actually consisted of two separate camps, with the larger of the two, Butte Camp, located 3-1/2 miles west of Canal Camp.Internees mainly rom the Sacramento Delta area, Fresno County and the Los Angeles area. population of 13,348Gila River was considered a showplace compared with the other campsClosed: Nov, 10, 1945 -
Heart Mountain, WY : Japanese Internment Camp
Many were destined to stay within its barbed wire confines the entire time. At its peak, the camp population was 10,767.Closed November 10, 1945. -
Japanese Internment Camp : Youtube Video LInk
Naive Perspective: A Japanese Internment Story : "Local San Diego born and raised, Japanese Internment survivor Ruth Voorhies tells her experience during World War 2 when her family was placed in the Poston Arizona Japanese Internment camp. The experience was a tragic event that never should have happened and was a violation of American rights. It had been argued in the 1970-80s that the Japanese internment camps were concentration camps. However, we show that the camps were in no way similar" -
The final decision.
The WRA announced that all internment camps would be closed before the end of 1945. the Supreme Court of the United States clarified the legality of the exclusion process under Order 9066 by two decisions. Korematsu v. United States sated that the exclusion process was fairly constitutional. Ex parte Endo declared that citizens of the United States, regardless of cultural descent, could not be detained without cause. -
The end of exclusion order
the exclusion order was rescinded entirely. -
Little Boy dropped on Hiroshima
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Fat Man dropped on Nagasaki
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Japan Surrenders
In the morning on September 2nd, 1945, aboard the USS Missouri in Tokyo bay, Japan officially surrendered. The ceremonies and surrender took less than half an hour. After 2 atomic bombs dropped on major cities in Japan, they decided to surrender.
