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1400
Protestant Reformation
The main problems with the Europe church's in the late 1400s was the Popes were very involved in politics. Julius II - Warrior Pope Leads his armies into war. Parishioners didn’t respect priest’s advice and the Sacation becomes mechanical -
1400
Luther’s Major Idea
Church- Salvation = Faith = good works
Martin Luther- Salvation = faith, “Justification by faith”. Indulgences Anger Luther in Europe, Lead to 95 Theses, Criticism of Church, Centered on indulgences\Call to reform. Luther even posted on the door of the Wittenberg Cathedral. Luther made the spread possible through the Printing Press. -
Reformation in England
Henry VIII wants a son but his wife can't have a child, he wants to divorce but his religion says that is sinful. So He creates his own version of Christianity which makes it okay to divorce. When he dies his son becomes King but the son dies soon after. Elizabeth ( Henry VIII's daughter) wins the civil war and becomes Queen. -
China at it’s apex
Later Ming had a territorial expansion and had contact with the west. Europeans were entranced with Chinese society, soon after Christianity was introduced. The Ming did not see Europeans as a threat in fact they saw them as "Little Brothers" -
Qing Dynasty
The Qing dynasty was located in the reign of Kangxi, it was ruled for 60 years, they expanded control into Tibet, Xinjiang, and Taiwan. There expansion led to more trade. Qing dynasty created a diarchy, created banner-men as their military force, and made their government positions shared equally by ethnic Manchus and Chinese. -
Western Influence
English became dominant trade partner. Their main exports were tea and silk. Only allowed the British on a small island-Canton, which led the British to demand more access to Chinese ports.Uneven balance of trade in china’s favor. Qing were not interested in British goods. Opium sowed the seeds for British domination of Chinese trade. -
Napoleon
Napoleon had his rise to power through the Revolutionary military. Napoleon commits a coup against the directory-1799. He became emperor in 1804. He claimed to defend parts of the revolution
In reality he destroyed many of he main ideas of the revolution. He also used the revolutionary army to take control of much of Europe. -
Fall of Napoleon
Napoleon had to fight against multiple coalitions that were led by Britain. Napoleon decided that Britain was faced on the Americans so he wanted to invade Russia in June of 1812. But was forced to retreat from disease and harsh winter conditions. Napoleon was finally defeated for good at Waterloo and was exiled to St.Helena till death. -
Slave Trade
The Slave Trade in Africa had brought 10-12 Million Slaves to the Americas. The effects of the Slave Trade were, Depopulation of areas of southwestern Africa, Increased Warfare, and Destruction of Culture. And the Belief in White Superiority– Creation of the idea of race