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Brown vs. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka was a landmark 1954 Supreme Court case in which the justices ruled unanimously that racial segregation of children in public schools was unconstitutional. Brown v. Board of Education was one of the cornerstones of the civil rights movement, and helped establish the precedent that “separate-but-equal” education and other services were not, in fact, equal at all. (http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka) -
Training of Professional Personnel Act of 1959
The Training of Professional Personnel Act of 1959 helped train program administrators and teachers of children with mental retardation. -
Learning Disabilities of Association of America
Learning Disabilities Association of America (LDA) is an association of parents, educators, adults with disabilities, and professionals to address the difficulties created by learning disabilities, starting with the passage of the first federal legislation mandating a free, appropriate, public education for students with disabilities. -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act 1973
An important responsibility of the Office for Civil Rights (OCR) is to eliminate discrimination on the basis of disability against students with disabilities. OCR receives numerous complaints and inquiries in the area of elementary and secondary education involving Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. (https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/504faq.html) -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
This act required all public schools accepting federal funds to provide equal access to education and one free meal a day for children with physical and mental disabilities. Public schools were required to evaluate disabled children and create an educational plan with parent input that would emulate as closely as possible the educational experience of non-disabled students. -
Handicapped Children's Protection Act
The U.S. Supreme Court decision in Smith v. Robinson (1984), which held that attorneys' fees were not available to parents prevailing in special education lawsuits, was widely viewed as undercutting the opportunities of parents to dispute school decisions concerning handicapped children. In response to this ruling, the U.S. Congress passed the Handicapped Children's Protection Act of 1986. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
The ADA is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the general public. The purpose of the law is to make sure that people with disabilities have the same rights and opportunities as everyone else. -
No Child Left Behind Act
The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) was a U.S. Act of Congress that reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act; it included Title I provisions applying to disadvantaged students. It supported standards-based education reform based on the premise that setting high standards and establishing measurable goals could improve individual outcomes in education. -
Individuals with Disabilities Act
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is a four-part (A-D) piece of American legislation that ensures students with a disability are provided with Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) that is tailored to their individual needs. -
Rosa's Law
Rosa's Law (Pub. L. 111-256) is a United States law which replaces several instances of "mental retardation" in law with "intellectual disability".
