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The Hubble Space Telescope: The purpose of this project was to collect images and data of cosmic objects (planets, stars, galaxies) using visible, ultraviolet, and infrared wavelengths to gather a better understanding of the universe.
The Hubble Space Telescope was executed by NASA and the European Space Agency. It’s unique being the first major optical telescope to be launched into space and temporary with a start date of 1946 and an end date of April 24th 1990 when it was launched. The outcome of this project enabled scientists to gather a better understanding of how the universe works and provided pictures of space.
https://hubblesite.org/contents/news-releases/2021/news-2021-065?Topic=109-the-telescope -
The Sojourner Rover: The purpose of this project was designing a low-cost method to deploy a collection of scientific instruments to Mars in the form of a free-ranging robotic rover to gather data to gain new information about Mars.
The Sojourner Rover was executed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. It’s unique being the first wheeled vehicle used on another planet and temporary with a start date being approximately 3 years before the launch date/end date on the 4th December 1996. The outcome of the project enabled scientists to study the surface of Mars. It sent over 550 images, data about weather patterns and information about Martian rocks and dirt.
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/basics/Spacecraft-Information-Sojourner -
Mars 2020: The purpose of the Mars 2020 mission is to find information/evidence that life has been or could be possible on the Red Planet.
The project was executed by NASA. It is unique as it uses new science and technology allowing it to sample and cache minerals. The project was temporary as it had a start and finish date (30th July 2020 launched into space). The outcome is astronomers will be provided with photographs and rock/soil samples collected via the rovers core drilling system.
https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/ -
James Webb Space Telescope: The purpose of the telescope is to be the premier observatory of the next decade, serving thousands of astronomers worldwide.
The project was executed by NASA. The project is unique as it is the largest telescope to date sent into space. The project was temporary as it had a start and finish date. The finish date being 25th December 2021 when the telescope was launched into space via a rocket. The outcome of the telescope is that astronomers and the general public can view the photographs and information that the telescope provides.
https://webb.nasa.gov/content/about/index.html