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Autonomy Vs. Shame and doubt (toddler)
2 year old Kayla tries to pick out her own outfit. Her parents don't let her because it doesn't match, and tell her that she needs to wear a different outfit. This event will cause Kayla to doubt herself rather than building confidence and independence. To counteract this and help build independence and security, her parents can meet Kayla in the middle and provide two appropriate outfits for her to choose from. This way Kayla still has some control. -
Initiative vs. Guilt (preschool)
Kayla is now 4, she often tries to pour her own drinks. Although she often spills her parents encourage her and say things like "That's okay we can clean it just takes practice, good job Kayla!" Because of this she will take initiative to do things on her own, she will have goals and try to achieve them. If her parents had scolded her and didn't let her our anymore she would feel guilty. -
Industry vs. Inferiority (early school age)
Kayla is now 8, and in third grade. In her class they are learning multiplication. She received a 100 percent on her test. She couldn't wait to tell her mom and dad. She showed them the test and they replied, "That's amazing, I know you worked really hard. lets go to the park and celebrate!" This gives Kayla support and positive praise, which will ensure she feels smart and that she is making progress. If her parents had brushed her off she would feel as though this was not an accomplishment.