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Albert Einstein is born
1879 Born March 14 at 11:30 AM in Ulm, Germany -
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Albert Einstein's Handwriting
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First paper written
Completes his first scientific paper -
Light & Brownian Motion
The first of these papers stated that light behaves as both a wave and a particle, an idea called the photoelectric effect. The second proved the existence and size of molecules, and explained their movement, called Brownian motion. -
Einstein's Handwriting
This may be hard to see, but we see extraordinary form level, tremendous speed, and excellent coordination. This is free hand and fast. The baseline is slightly rising, the spatial arrangement is crowded, but well organized. There is tri-zonal balance, and the upper zone is emphasized. Einstien was a genius. His mind never stopped to breath, and he could fluidly continue a multitude of thoughts non-stop; coordinating and formulating his thoughts while incorporating new ideas into the mix. -
Handwriting Explanation
His writing is flexible, and there is release and looseness in the rhythm; so Einstein was not uptight or rigid. He had an easy manner about himself, and while he had a great deal of pride; he did not flaunt his immense intellect. He did get into many arguments, as he was stubborn and stuck to his intellectual ideas. The overall coordination of the writing betrays a highly coordinated person. He had tremendous optimism, and drove steadily along until he reached his goals -
Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity
Showed that the speed of light is constant, regardless of the speed of the light's source, and that time passes at different rates for objects moving at different speeds. His final paper in his miraculous year gave science its most famous equation, E=mc2. This equation, in which E is energy, m is mass, and c is the speed of light, establishes that energy and mass are actually different forms of the same thing and that one can be converted into the other. -
Annus Mirabilis
1905 The annus mirabilis (miracle year) : completes papers on light quanta, Brownian motion, and special theory of relativity. Einstein published four papers in the prestigious German journal Annalen der Physik. Einstein's papers revolutionized physics. -
Typed Manuscript
Typed manuscript with handwritten formulas and corrections. The publication appeared in 1914 in the Zeitschrift für Mathematik und Physik. It reports on the heroic struggle to find generally covariant equations for the gravitational field. -
Publication of the General Theory of Relativity
Einstein suggested that space and time are like a piece of cloth stretched taut; objects are like marbles on the cloth that create indentations, or distortions, that cause other objects to move toward them. Gravity is this distortion in the fabric of space and time. According to Einstein's theory, very massive bodies such as the Sun would cause even light to bend -
Celebrity
During a total solar eclipse in 1919, scientists observed that the position of the stars appeared to shift slightly as their light curved around the Sun, confirming Einstein's theory. Newspaper headlines trumpeted Einstein's triumph. "Revolution in Science, New Theory of the Universe, Newtonian Ideas Overthrown," stated the Times of London. Suddenly, Einstein was a worldwide celebrity. -
Propagation of Sound in Partly Dissociated Gases
Page proof, with corrections, of Einstein's publication on the "Propagation of Sound in Partly Dissociated Gases", which appeared in 1920 in the Proceedings of the Berlin Academy of Sciences. -
Unified Field Theory
During the last decades of his life, Einstein tried to uncover what is known as the Grand Unified Theory, a theory that can describe the entire physical world. Such a theory would connect all branches of physics, it would explain everything. Einstein never succeeded in coming up with a Grand Unified Theory. -
Manuscript
Used by Einstein to correct the page proofs. The publication is in the proceedings of the Berlin Academy of Sciences. Page 2 of the manuscript reports the last scientific discovery of Einstein's career: the prediction of the new state of matter now called the Bose-Einstein condensate. -
Why War Published
In 1932 Albert Einstein was contacted by the League of Nations, the international body that was the precursor of the UN. He was asked to invite someone -- he could choose anyone -- to reflect with him in a series of public letters on a pressing problem or question. The question Einstein selected was this: "Is there any way of delivering humankind from the menace of war?" -
The World as I see it
A compendium of letters, speeches, articles and essays by Albert Einstein on religion, politics, peace and faith. from the early 1920s to the late 1940s. It was published ostensibly to present to the world a coherent view of Einstein, the humanitarian. The first edition of the book contained essays by Einstein on relativity and scientific matters. -
Atomic Bomb
Einstein, who was concerned that Germany was developing an atomic bomb, wrote to President Franklin Roosevelt urging that the United States accelerate its own work on nuclear weapons to deter the Germans from using any they might develop. Two years later, the United States embarked on the Manhattan Project, its effort to build a nuclear bomb. -
E=mc2
it was Einstein's equation E=mc2 that had shown that the tiny mass of an atom could be converted into a powerful destructive energy, Einstein was never invited to work on the project. The U.S. government distrusted him. -
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen
The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox is published, this paper quickly became a centerpiece in the debate over the interpretation of the quantum theory, a debate that continues today. The paper features a striking case where two quantum systems interact in such a way as to link both their spatial coordinates in a certain direction and also their linear momenta. -
The Evolution of Physics
Eolution of Physics: From Early Concept to Relativity and Quanta is a textbook about quantum physics by Albert Einstein and Leopold Infeld. -
Letter to President Roosevelt
Signs famous letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt recommending U.S. research on nuclear weapons. As a life-long pacifist, he opposed the making of weapons, but he could not allow the Nazis sole possession of such destructive power. -
Contribution to War Effort
Handwritten copy of his 1905 paper on special relativity auctioned for six million dollars in Kansas City, as a contribution to the American war effort. -
Out of My Later Years
These essays consider everything from the need for a “supranational” governing body to control war in the atomic age, to freedom in research and education, to Jewish history and Zionism, to explanations of the physics and scientific thought that brought him world recognition.. Einstein’s essays share his philosophical beliefs, scientific reasoning, and hopes for a brighter future, and show how one of the greatest minds of all time fully engaged with the changing world around him. -
Albert Einstein Dies
