-
The start of the Spanish Civil War
Began when Generals Emilio Mola and Francisco Franco started an uprising to overthrow the democratically elected Republic. -
Period: to
The uprising
July 17; The uprising starts in Morocco.
July 18; General Francisco Franco declares a state of war and arrives in Morocco to take control of the troops.
July 19; The uprising is defeated in Madrid and Barcelona. Other countries remain loyal to the government. -
Division of Spain
Two zones with two sides:
-The rebel zone and the Nationalist side; seting up a militar state. Supported by Hitler and Mussolini.
-The loyal zone and the Republican side; with improvised and inexperienced army of armed volunteers, the militia. Supported by International Brigades and Soviets (Operation X) -
Military development
African troops airlifted. Hitler and Mussolini provide Franco with planes to carry out the first major military airlift of troops from Africa to Sevilla.
Objective Madrid, African troops leaded by Franco and northern army by Emilio Mola. -
Nationalist victory in Toledo
Nationalist victory on the Alcázar de Toledo. -
Period: to
Battle for Madrid
Nationalist troops reach the capital. International aid arrives in the Republicans resist. The Nationalists besiege Madrid for much of the war. -
Period: to
Northern offensive
Set of operations and combats that took place in the Cantabrian fringe. The Gernika bombing helped the Nationalists gain a decisive victory in Bizcaia. -
Period: to
Battle of Teruel
The People's Army of the Republic accumulated a large number of men and equipment around the Teruel capital. Government troops, however, managed to maintain their positions and the Francoists were unable to reconquer the recently lost city.
In February, the Francoists overwhelmed the republican flanks and inflicted a heavy defeat on them, a confrontation that was a serious loss for the People's Army.
On February 22, the city of Teruel returned to Franco. -
Period: to
Battle of the Ebro
It was the battle in which more fighters participated, the longest and one of the bloodiest in the entire war. It took place in the lower bed of the Ebro valley, between the western part of the Tarragona province and the eastern part of the Zaragoza province.
Republican government tried to connect their territory again, but failed and Franco deploys mass forces to invade Catalonia. -
Valencia's government fall
Plot within the Republican Army caused the government to fall.
Franco only acepted an uncoditional surrender.
Juan Negrin, the president of the government, flees to France. -
The end of the war
Last offensive by the Nationalists, on March 28th, they occupied Madrid and by March 31th, they controlled all the Spanish territory.
Republican forces surrender, Franco proclaimed victory on April 1st.
