GREECE

2. The Trojan War - 1250 BC

1250 BCE

The existence of the Trojan War has always been ambiguous and debatable. Where some scholars take it as a myth, others have found solid evidence that points to their reality. The Trojan War, in Greek mythology, is the battle between the people of Troy and the Greeks. The lawsuit began after Paris; The Trojan prince took Helen, the wife of Menelaus of Sparta. When Menelaus asked her to return, the Trojans immediately refused to return her.

1. Beginning of the Mycenaean period: 1600 to 1100 BC

1100 BCE

Mycenaean civilization formed the declining phase of the Bronze Age in ancient Greece. He presented the first advanced culture in Greece, followed by its luxurious states, works of writing, art and public organization. The Mycenaean Greeks carried out innovations in the different fields of military infrastructure, engineering and architecture. These discoveries were useful for influencing trade in the Mediterranean areas to carry out their economy.

3. Introduction to the Olympic Games- 776 BC

776 BCE

The ancient Olympic Games were considered primarily as part of a religious festival that took place in honor of the father of the Greek gods and goddesses, Zeus. The celebration and games were held in Olympia, a rural sanctuary in the western Peloponnese. The name of this sanctuary came from the mountain. Olympos, which was the highest mountain on the continent of Greece. The hill served as the home of the Greek gods and goddesses.

5. Currency introduced - 600 BC

600 BCE

The first known coins were introduced in Ionia in Asia Minor or in Lidia sometime before 600 BC. The Greeks wanted to have payments that were authenticated. These coins were made of a gold and silver alloy known as electrum. It was present in abundance and had a high price. With the advancement of technology in the mid-sixth century BC, the production of pure gold and silver coins was simplified.

4. The rise of the Greek tyrants- 650 BC

570 BCE

The tyrants were the oppressive rulers in Greece. The most popular tyrannies were those founded by Ortágoras in Sición and Cipselo in Corinto in approximately 650 BC. The most famous tyrants of Asian Greece were Miletus Hall. Tyrants often sprang from the fringe of the aristocracy. The nature of public discontent varied from place to place. In Sición, Clístenes ruled from 600 to approximately 570 BC. His exploitation made him the most successful of the Ortagorids.

7. Second Peloponnesian War: Athens vs. Sparta - 431 BC

431 BCE

Enveloping the entire Greek world, the Great Peloponnesian War was a titanic struggle between the two main cities of Greece; Athens and Sparta. The battle is famous mainly for the efforts of the historian Thucydides. The Greek War was fought by the Sparta Peloponnesian League against the Athens Elos League. This war showed the brilliant war practices of the Greeks that was fought in three phases.

8. Bubonic plague in Athens - 430 BC

430 BCE

The horrible plague of Athens was an epidemic that destroyed every corner of Athens in ancient Greece. It is said that he entered through the port of the city of Piraeus, this place being the only source of food and supplies. The plague did not abandon even the Mediterranean areas.

6. Age of Pericles: 445 BC to 429 BC

429 BCE

Pericles was a great speaker, and this quality gave him tremendous success in the Assembly. It introduced several reforms, among which the tetes that were Athenians without wealth were allowed to enter public offices. Another successful step was the creation of the myoforia function that means payment. An exceptional salary was granted to citizens who attended the courts as jurors.

9. Alexander the Great came to power - 336 BC

336 BCE

Alexander III of Macedonia, widely known as Alexander the Great, was the son of King Philip II of Macedonia. He became king after his father's death in 336 BC. Under his reign, he assumed the conquest of almost everyone known during his days. Known as ‘the great one’ both for his military conscience and for his diplomatic qualities, he conquered not only the lands but also the heart of the people.

10. Invasion of the Romans - 146 BC

133 BCE

The Greek peninsula was under the control of the Romans after the battle of Corinth in 146 BC. Macedonia then became a Roman province. Where some Greeks managed to maintain partial independence, the others gave up. When King Atalo III left all his territories to the Romans in his will, the Kingdom of Pergamum fell into the hands of the Romans during the year 133 BC.