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Rosa Parks Joins the NAACP
Rosa Parks becomes secretary of the Montgomery chapter of the NAACP, working on cases of racial violence and inequality.
The NAACP builds its reputation as a local grassroots organization focused on combating racial injustices in Montgomery. -
Formation of the Women's Political Council (WPC)
The WPC, led by Jo Ann Robinson, begins advocating against segregation on city buses.
Members regularly document complaints and push for better treatment of African American passengers. -
Brown v. Board of Education Decision
This landmark Supreme Court ruling inspires grassroots movements nationwide, including Montgomery, to challenge segregation laws.
Local activists see this as an opportunity to press for broader desegregation. -
Claudette Colvin Arrested
A 15-year-old African American girl refuses to give up her bus seat to a white passenger.
Although her case is not pursued, it galvanizes the local NAACP and WPC to strategize. -
Rosa Parks Arrested
Parks, a well-known local activist, refuses to give up her bus seat, sparking immediate outrage and calls for action. -
Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) is Founded
In response to Parks' arrest, local leaders form the MIA to coordinate the boycott.
A young Martin Luther King Jr. is chosen as the organization's leader, connecting local efforts to national audiences. -
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The Montgomery Bus Boycott
Local African American residents boycott the city's buses for over a year.
Grassroots coordination includes carpools, church-based meetings, and fundraising, showcasing the power of community organizing. -
Supreme Court Ruling
The Supreme Court rules that segregation on public buses is unconstitutional.
Grassroots persistence leads to this national victory, underscoring the importance of local activism. -
Desegregation of Montgomery Buses
The boycott officially ends after the Supreme Court ruling is implemented.
This victory marks a critical moment in the broader Civil Rights Movement.