-
1215
King John sign Magna Carta
Instead of rule of man, it's changed to rule of law -
Jamestown’s House of Burgesses
Experience in early governance -
Mayflower Compact
Experience in early governance -
King Charles required to sign the petition of rights
Required monarchs to obtain Parliamentary approval before new taxes -
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Experiments in Early Governance -
Massachusetts Body of Liberties
Each charter guaranteed colonists the “rights of Englishmen.” -
Extended conflict between Charles and Parliament erupted into civil war
Charles defeated, beheaded -
renewed conflicts and rebellion between the Crown and Parliament
-
English Bill of Rights passed
Free speech and protection from cruel and unusual punishment guaranteed -
William and Mary chosen to rule
Had to govern according to statutes of Parliament -
Northwest Ordinance
Established a plan for settling the Northwest Territory -
Structure of the Federal Court System
Judiciary Act of 1789 -
Judiciary Act of 1789
Established a Three-tiered Judicial Structure -
Constitution of United States of America 1789 (rev. 1992)
No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger;... -
Constitution of United States of America 1789 (rev. 1992)
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. -
Constitution of United States of America 1789 (rev. 1992)
The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State. -
Constitution of United States of America 1789 (rev. 1992)
Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction -
Bill of Rights ratified
More than 200 Year of Amendments -
Chief Justice John Marshall (1801-1835)
Began to expand the power of the Supreme Court -
Marbury v. Madison
Power of judicial review -
Vice President
12th amendment allows the President to choose V.P. -
McCulloch v. Maryland
"Power to tax is the power to destroy" -
Gibbons v. Ogden
Power of Fed. Govt. To regulate interstate commerce -
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Dred Scott
Slave who sued for his and his family's freedom after being taken to a free state
Court said that Scott, as an African-American and previously property, was not a citizen
Gave him no legal standing to sue
Called the “greatest disaster” of the Supreme Court -
Morrill Act
Granted large tracts of land to states; states sold land and used money for colleges -
Reconstruction Through the End of the Century (1865-1899)
Supreme Court during this time narrowly interpreted the 13th-15th amendments -
Population of US doubled
Expanding National Power -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Ruled segregation was legal as long as the facilities were equal -
16th amendment
Gave Congress authority to set a federal income tax Main source of US income -
N. Americans granted citizenship
-
The New Deal Era (1930-1953)
The court saw Roosevelt's economic legislation as an assault on property rights -
Roosevelt served 12 years as president (1933-1945)
He packed the court with nominees that supported expansion of gov't. Power -
United States v. Miller (1939)
Ruled 2nd Amendment does not protect the right to have all types of weapons -
Minersville School District v. Gobitis (1940)
The Supreme Court ruled that a child could be expelled for refusing to salute the American flag or recite the pledge (these actions violated the child’s religious beliefs) -
U.S. v. Darby
Upheld Fair Labor Standards Act; Commerce Clause allows Congress to regulate employment conditions -
West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette (1943)
The court reversed itself and decided unity was not a sufficient reason to overrule religious beliefs. -
Korematsu v. the United States
Upheld involuntary internment of ethnically Japanese American citizens -
National Security Council
Coordinates national security policy
Brings together the top military, foreign affairs, and intelligence officials in the administration -
Edwards v. South Carolina (1963)
187 African-American students gathered at the state capitol to protest racial injustice -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. -
Miranda v. Arizona
Expanded rights of people accused of crimes -
Loving V. Virginia
Struck down all state laws banning interracial marriage -
Age Discrimination in Employment Act (1967)
Protects applicants and employees of 40+ years old from discrimination based on age in hiring, promotion, discharge, compensation, privileges, etc. of employment. -
Tinker v. Des Moines
Schools couldn’t prevent students from protesting the Vietnam War -
War Powers Resolution
President must consult with Congress before sending troops -
New federalism
Returned some authority to state governments -
Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)
Prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the general public. -
Issues in Federalism Today
Congress gave states authority to manage welfare systems with block grants -
Homeland Security
Executive Departments and Independent Agencies -
McDonald v. Chicago (2010)
Ruled 2nd Amendment applies to federal, state, and local governments; upheld 2nd Amendment
