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This Byzantine city fell to the Ottoman. It is a turning point because it was later on made the capital of the Ottoman Empire (present-day Istanbul which used to be the capital of Turkey).
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The beginning of this empire is important it was a long time foe of the Ottoman Empire, which was very big. It is also one of the few empires that included people that spoek different languages and had many non-muslims.
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After he proclaimed himself he made all of the Safavid Empire SHi'ite Islam.
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Ivan III (reign 1462 - 1505) established authority as the tsar. This is important because he led Russia to become a major political center. Today, Russia is still a very large political power.
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The title pretty much explains it all. This event is Syria and Egypt being taken over by the Ottoman Empire
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The rule of Suleiman was important because he expanded the Ottoman Empire to the Balkans and to the Mediterranean, which gave them more access to trade.
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This was considered the peak of the Ottoman Empire
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The title says it all. This is historically important because it is the end of the sultans of Delhi
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With the aim of controlling all of Hungary, Suleiman attacked Vienna,
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This was one the most important campaigns in the Spanish colonization of the Americas.
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The British colonized early America, this would set the stage for other cool stuff. Go America!
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in 1543, Portuguese sailors land on Tanegashima (island) in a Chinese boat. This marks the first time Europeans go to Japan. Japan begins importing from the port of Nagasaki things and customs such as baking bread, frying foods, using muskets, eyeglasses, and clocks, and wearing pants. This is very important because now Japan has firearms and can invade places such as China and Korea (which it will) and it invites new clothes and foods into Japanese culture.
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Ivan IV went from Grand Prince of Moscow to Tsar -- a title used by all his anscestors
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Francis Xavier (1506–1552), a Jesuit priest, lands in Kagoshima, Japan. He introduced Christianity to the Japanese and some daimyos ("powerful Japanese feudal lords who ruled most of Japan from their vast, hereditary land holdings") converted. Western art styles from drawing of Abrahamic beliefs (such as Jesus Christ and angels) introduced a new art style (the use of oil paint) to Japan which would evolve the art and styles of Japanese paintings.
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Bairam Khan was an aggressive general who was very determined to restore Mughal authority in India and helped Akbar I secure it. Without him, India would not be able to be taken for that time because he worked close with Akbar I since he was Khan was Akbar's guardian, chief mentor, adviser, teacher, and most trusted ally. This is important because it helped lead (practically entirely) India to be larger (as it is today) to last with the amount of people it has in its state.
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This is considered the peak of the Mughal Empire. He gradually enlarged the Mughal Empire to include nearly all of the Indian Subcontinent north of the Godavari river. To unify the Mughal state, Akbar established a centralized system of administration throughout his empire and made a policy of conciliating conquered rulers through marriage and diplomacy. To keep peace and order, he adopted policies that won him the support of his non-Muslim subjects.
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Secret police implemented by Tsar Ivan the Terrible due to his paranoia that aristocrats were going to betray him. These secret police caused social and economic pressures which led to their disbandment
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The Ottoman naval fleet was defeated by the Venetians and Spanish in 1571
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The loses that the Safavids suffered on the battlefield caused several internal power struggles leading to the assassination of many people of the court.
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This is a historically significant Russian accomplishment
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Isfahan became the capital of Iran in 1587. Today, It is still a central city in Iran, just not the capital. Today's capital is Tehran, but Isfahan is still a major historical site for Iran.
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In 1587, Toyotomi Hideyoshi hosts a 10-day tea ceremony. People from all social classes were welcome to come to his tea festival which included many dramas, musicals, concerts, and danses. He used this ceremony to display his grand wealth which would increase the people's faith in their leader. This is important because people idolized him which had led people to follow in his footsteps (such as the ones where he is anti-Christian and many become anti-Christian as well).
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Soon after Oda Nobunaga is assassinated during a battle, Toyotomi Hideyoshi takes the throne and names Japan the "land of the kami" ('kami' is any deity in Shinto), so he expels Christianity from Japan by ordering the Jesuits to leave. Even though some of the Christians did not obey, or his edict was not enforced, the anti-Christian mindset grew. This has an enormous impact on Japan's religious compound today; only 0.7% of Japanese are Christians while the majority are Shintoists.
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This was considered the peak of the Safavid Empire. He transfers his capital to Isfahan, in southern Iran, where he builds a new city alongside the old one.
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Shah Abbas’s decision to put carpet production and the silk trade under state control, and to refurbish trade routes, strengthens their economy and attracts foreign traders. This is what begins to bring foreigners and tourists to the land which will increase the Iranian population as well.
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This treaty allowed the Ottoman Empire to keep most of the land they had conquered during the war, the Safavids would have to stop cursing the first three caliphs, and Persians would have to pay obeisance to religious leaders of the Sunni faith
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Once the Treaty of Plussa expired in 1590 Muscovite troops laid siege to Narva
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Toyotomi Hideyoshi, a Japanese warlord, who had recently united the feuding domains of Japan, invaded Korea as his first step in attempting to conquer China. Then China aided Korea and won against Hideyoshi's forces. But as a result Korea was devastated by the war.
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The Korean invasion on Japan brought many new technologies and ways of art to Japan.
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The Chinese negotiated with the Japanese a peace treaty but it did not last very long.
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This is important because it signified that the Mughal Empire would have both Muslim and Hindu ancestry.
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Toyotomi Hideyoshi ordered that many Koreans killed, cities destroyed, and many craftsmen from Korea were transported back to Japan. These craftsmen designed new pottery types: satsuma, hagi, and arita (Arita shown in the image). These ceramic and porcelain tea cups were often used. This is super important for all of East Asia (especially Japan) because it begins a new artistic style of pottery which is still very commonly used today (all around the world) because of its beauty and durability.
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The end of this empire lead to Russia gaining more land because Prince Ivan expanded downward to were they were settled.
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This empire is important because it was a major part of the Trans-Saharan trade, they were located in Southern Sudan.
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Russia in the 1600s, were poor, backwards and landlocked. This lead tot the expansion of Russia.
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This year marks the first record of a Kabuki performance which is a form of theater involving music and dance and a lot of face paint. This is a traditional form of dance that still occurs today in Japan. It was originally performed by women until the audience found it "suggestive," so mature male actors replaced the young women in the theatre. This shows how women were more oppressed from the theatrical view in 1600s Japan.
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Conservative boyars led by Vasili Shuisky stormed the Kremlin and shot Dmitriy I to death during his escape, leaving Russia with no Tsar
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The founding of any province is important historical event. The founding of Quebec in 1608 is no different.
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Heo Gyun wrote the first vernacular book (of han'gul (the current Korean alphabet used to simply the chinese writing of "hanja") called Hong Gil'dong jeon (홍길동전). This novel exposed the social inequalities Korea was experiencing. This is extremely important because it marks the beginning of the korean writing system known as han'gul. Only elites could read and write hanja, so to enhance the knowledge for all people, han'gul made it much easier to learn and improve their economy.
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In 1609, the Tokugawa Shogunate begins their official diplomatic relationship with the Choson dynasty. This was only a little after the Japanese invasions of Korea by the previous Toyotomi Hideyoshi. This event is very important because it marks a time when Japan and Korea begin official relationships with each other to form political and economic trades. Political figures would travel from land to land for these important trades.
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A truce was established. The boyars promised to recognize Sigimund's son and heir as Tsar, conditional on severe limits to his power and his conversion to Orthodoxy
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Vasili ceded border territory to Sweden in exchange for military aid against the government of Dmitriy II.
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The title explains it all. In 1610, the Anatolian Revolts stopped.
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Hermogenes, the patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church, urged the Muscovite people to rise against the Poles
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Vasili was overthrown, and was replaced by a group of nobles called, the Seven Boyars
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Sweden invaded Muscovy.
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Mikhail was the first Romanov Tsar
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Don García de Silva y Figueroa, the ambassador of Philip III of Spain, goes to Isfahan, the capital of Iran during that time. This begins a trade system between the Iranians and the Spanish where carpets and silk were commonly traded to Europe since that was Iran's main export.
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Abbas uses the ships of the British East India Company and expels the Portuguese from Hormuz to regain control of trade in the Persian Gulf. Then, the English sent a diplomatic embassy, headed by Sir Dodmore Cotton, to Shah Abbas. This increased interactions of Iran with Europe, especially with the United Kingdom. Today, there are still many interactions between Europe and the Middle East but predominantly oil.
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With the expiration of the Truce of Deulino, a Muscovite army was sent to lay siege to Smolensk.
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The Manchus who will overthrow the Ming had invaded the northern part of the Korean peninsula. They invaded because the Manchus did not like how the Choson people were pro-Ming and more anti-Manchu with their policies. In the end, Injo surrenders to the Qing and his two oldest sons are taken captive. This guarantees Choson as a Confucian state and be more unified with each other. This shows the it had a great impact on the Choson because the Korean philosophy had become more Confucian-focused.
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Shah Safi (reign 1629-1642) lost Baghdad (in present-day Iraq) and Qandahar/Kandahar (in present-day Afghanistan). Today, these are no longer a part of Iran so 1637 was an important year because it shaped the size of surrounding countries as well as present-day Iran.
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This was the first time that Russians had made contact with the Chinese, this happened because the Russians were expanding there land towards the Amur River Valley.
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Montreal is a big, quasi-important city and was founded in 1642. Good for you, Canada.
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Shah Abbas II was highly susceptible to the influence of religious leaders. Him and his successors Sultan Suleiman and Sultan Husayn persecuted Jews, Christians, and nonconformist Muslims. These injustices led to the fall to the empire. These injustices, arguably, exist today in this area. These ideas probably survived the Safavid's decline within the minds of conservatives.
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The Manchu (from Manchuria) overthrew the Ming and created the Qing dynasty (1644-1911). This is important because it became the last (making it the most memorable in today's world) imperial dynasty of China. They unified the many cultures of peoples in China and assured the boundaries for China.
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Matsuo Basho travelled by ship to the island of Honshu and kept a journal of his travels. He wrote the first known haiku, "concise and expressive seventeen-syllable poems", about his emotional reflections about the places he saw. This impacts Japanese writing, and even today many people enjoy writing haikus which are typically written about the beauty of nature.
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Upset over the introduction of a salt tax, the townspeople launched a rebellion in Moscow.
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The subordination of serfs in Russia was complete.
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This is historically significant because it is a new regime imposed in the Mughal Empire
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a group of Muscovites marched to Kolomenskoye and demanded punishment for the government ministers who had debased Muscovy's copper currency. On their arrival, they were countered by the military; a thousand were hanged or drowned. The rest were exiled.
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A Polish nobleman launched a rokosz, or a rebellion against the king.
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Feodor abolished the mestnichestvo, an ancient, un-meritocratic system of making political appointments.
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In 1683, Taiwan was added to the Qing dynasty which was previously ruled by the pirate Zheng Chengqong (a.k.a. Koxinga, 1624–1662) and his male children where some Ming loyalists also went to escape the Qing. This is very important because it is added land to China (which is still Taiwan of China today) and it seems to be the place where Chinese citizens who disagree with the mainland government went to hide or be free. Today, this still occurs where Taiwan has a "separate" government.
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The Muscovite army launched an invasion against an Ottoman vassal, the Crimean Khanate
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Princess Sophia tried taking over Russia, but her brother Peter the Great sent her to a monastery. As a result Peter became tsar and expanded Russia.
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The rule of Peter the Great was important because he introduced wewstern languages and technologies into Russia.
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Peter the Great was a great dude named Peter. He ruled the Tsardom of Russia and later the Russian Empire.
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This was a turning point because the people had never had anything like this happen to them, it was something new.
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This turning point is important because in this war Russia won. They won the land that connected them to Europe. Even know Russia is connected to Europe. This also made everyone see Russia as a threat.
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This era occurred in the 17th century, this marketed an ending point in the Muscovite, this was the start of the Romanov line, which was a turning point because that is when Russia really started growing.
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This exemplified the ideological and social crisis of Japan's transformation from a military to a civil society.
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This is the time period when European styles and attitudes were beginning to be popular. It is important because nothing like that had never really happened before.
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The Mughal fell after the death of Aurangzseb.
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This was a turning point because it is still an important place in Russia to this day.
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This was important because this stated that "{Tsar} is not obligated to answer to anyone in the world for his doings, but possesses power and authority over his kingdom and land, to rule them at his will and pleasure as a Christian ruler." Even know Russia is still mostly made up of Orthodox Christians
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By 1720, the Chinese have gained control of the Tibet area, which was going to be invaded by Dzungar Mongols, and input a new Dalai Lama loyal to that court. The Qing placed a protectorate over the country of Tibet which shows the Qing's interest in Tibet. After the Qing falls in 1911 and the new Chinese government invaded in 1950, showing the interest of China to take control of Tibet.
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This is important because this lead to the fall of the Safavid Empire. The Afghans were they ones who captured it.
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This signals the end of the Safavid Empire
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The Janissary revolt begins a period of Ottoman conservatism.
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Nadir Shah reunites Iran -- which was in a state of chaos.
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Nadir Shah invaded the Mughal Empire, eventually attacking Delhi in March 1739
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Elizabeth, the youngest daughter of Peter the Great, led the Preobrazhensky to the Winter Palace to overthrow the regency of Anna Leopoldovna and install herself as empress
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Agha Mohammad Shah (1742-1797) was the founder of the Qajar dynasty that ruled Persia until 1924. He was assassinated in 1797, but he laid down foundations that were strong enough to survive his death. Agha Mohammad Khan chose Tehran as his capital. His main foreign foe was Catherine the Great of Russia because of the dispute about Georgia. Overall, his legacy continued because today, the capital of Iran is, in fact, Tehran. He was a misanthrope and strict leader, but he set good ways for Iran.
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The Seven Years' War was a global conflict fought between 1756 and 1763. It spanned and affected five continents.
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Under the Second Treaty of Versailles, Russia joined the Franco-Austrian military alliance.
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The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes. The development of new technology is always historically significant.
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Catherine II ruled Russia 1762 until 1796. She is the country's longest-ruling female leader. She came to power after a coup d'état when her husband, Peter III, was assassinated. Because of her, Russia grew larger and stronger, and was recognised as one of the great powers of Europe. This had a great impact on today because Russia is still considered a World power and she must have gave women in the country more hope since a female could be ruler (unlike their Muslim adversaires).
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A group of soldiers attempted to release the Ivan VI, who was imprisoned and as a result he was murdered
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The Ottoman sultan declared war on Russia
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The first partition of Poland was announced. Poland lost thirty percent of its territory, which was divided between Prussia, Austria, and Russia.
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This was the war where America declared it's freedom from Britain. Super significant, because it was a fight against injustice. As you know, the underdog always wins.
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Jeongjo (reign 1776-1800) created the Kyujanggak library with the primary function of housing the writings of Choson kings while also holding other important books. This shows Korea's meticulousness in keeping records, and this shows their value of knowledge. This is important because it kept records from many previous rulers which would be used in the future to understand history and other events at the time.
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Yi Seung-hun was baptized by a (western) Catholic priest on his trip to Beijing, China. This rapidly increases the number of people in Korea who converted to Christianity, even though is caused some issues with their original Confucian "faith." This is important because it marks the beginning of the "Christian boom" in the Korean Peninsula. Today, about 52% of Koreans believe in some form of Christianity which probably would not be so if it were not for Yi Seung-hun's baptism.
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The Ottoman Empire declared war on Russia and imprisoned the ambassador.
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In 1791 Korea, there was an increase in persecutions of Catholics (which boomed after 1784). This happened because of how the before-Catholic beliefs of Confucianism conflicted with some aspects of Catholicism. Confucianism (majority belief in Korea) values family and ancestry, and the Catholics in Korea (a minority) did not live up to the respect for their ancestors so they were persecuted for being "disrespectful." This is important because it shows the conflict of Confucian vs Christian.
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The census showed that the Russian community was made up of serfs (more than half of the population) and that landowners made up only 2 percent of the population.
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Catherine launched a military expedition to punish Persia for its incursion into the Russian protectorate of Kartl-Kakheti.
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In 1806, it became illegal to steal slaves from Africa. It did not matter though because people still kept on taking slaves, they just sailed downward to stay away from the European Companies.
