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Second Opium War (Asia)
A period of time where the British and the French fought the unwilling China for trading rights. -
First Gas Engine (Europe)
Frenchman Jean J. Lenoir builds the first commercially successful gas-burning engine. -
Official Unification of Italy (Europe)
In early 1861 a national parliament convened and proclaimed the Kingdom of Italy, with Victor Emmanuel II as its king. -
Period: to
American Civil War
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Suez Canal Established (Africa)
The Suez Canal was established in Egypt, and became the first canal that directly linked the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea. -
Romania Gains Independence (Europe)
Romania declared its independence from the Ottoman Empire after the Russo-Turkish War, 1877-78 in which Romania fought with Russia.
