Ghana Timeline

  • 500 BCE

    Evidence of iron smelting in Nigeria and central Niger

    Evidence of iron smelting in Nigeria and central Niger
  • Period: 300 to 1200

    The Reign of Ghana

    Ghana first began around 830AD and became rich by trading its vast amounts of resources such as salt and gold with other kingdoms.
  • 800

    Islam begins to spread through Africa

    Islam begins to spread through Africa
  • Period: 970 to 1054

    The Kingdom of Ghana is forced into the Awdaghast Desert.

  • 1000

    Iron technology spreads to the rest of Africa

  • 1150

    Wood Headrest

    Wood Headrest
    Wood headrest with curved rectangular top with projecting tab at each end, incised circular motif and a rectangular support which stands on a flat rectangular base
  • 1155

    Gold Coin

    Gold Coin
    Gold coin in square cardstock envelope, thin, circular with double square (or lozenge according to the orientation established by the hole at either side) and Arabic script, pearled border. Almohad Dynasty, Fez mint
  • Period: 1200 to 1500

    Mali's Reign

  • 1250

    Ring

    Ring
    Cast copper alloy U form ring with ends that flare into balloon forms that meet in the middle, each with a flat triangular spike that is riveted together. Ring has an overall delicate incised linear pattern and heavy green, possibly archaeological patina
  • 1350

    Processional cross

    Processional cross
    Cast copper alloy cross with a central four-cross openwork design encircled by openwork triangular patterns. A hollow tubular shaft would have fit over the end of a pole to be carried aloft during religious processionals
  • 1400

    Equestrian figure

    Equestrian figure
    Equestrian figure with a quiver slung across the back diagonally from the right shoulder down
  • Jan 31, 1400

    Ingots

    Ingots
    Small copper ingot currency or Croissettes of the HX type. This group of 5 ingots shows stable oxidation with some minor pitting. Mold form ridges are visible on the underside.
  • Period: 1464 to

    Songhai, the Last of These Three Great Empires' reign