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Period: to
The ZP features in all of the 16 coalition governments in this period
The DDP featured in 14 of them
The DVP featured in 11 -
Period: to
112 Women are elected to the Reichstag in this period.
However there were no female cabinet leaders and only the KPD made gender equality a key element in it electoral program. -
The Consul Organisation assassinates the Foreign Minster
Walther Rathenau was Jewish. -
Alteration of Hugo-Stinnes agreement
This allowed employers to increase the workday to 10 hours instead of the agreed 8 -
Period: to
There were 7 coalition governments in this period
- Only 2 of these had a majority in the Reichstag.
- The longest lasting government only made it 21 months
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Period: to
Following the Invasion of the Ruhr in 1923 racism increased.
This was because the occupying troops were made up of black men from the French colonies.
As a result of their occupation over 500 mixed race children were born the following year.
Black adults found that many areas in the country became more hostile. However, black musicians and writers were more accepted in the cities, such as Berlin. -
There were 1973 strikes across Germany this year
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Period: to
Unemployment never fell below 1.3 million
By 1928 Unemployment stood at 3 million = 15% workforce The compulsory Unemployment Insurance Scheme covered 17 million workers and was the largest of its kind in the world. -
Period: to
450,000 schools are built in this period
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Period: to
Luther and Marx shared the Chancellorship 6 times in this period
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Period: to
Extremist Parties lose votes
DNVP - By 1928 their share of the votes had fallen to 14%
Nazi's - By 1928 they only 2.6% of the vote (12 seats)
KPD - By 1928 their number of votes was at 10% -
Period: to
162 people are killed because of street fighting between the SA and the Red Front fighter's league
92 of them were communists -
3000 Cartels had been established in the Production industry
This included 90% of the coal and steel production in Germany -
A Centre-Right coalition was able to agree on domestic policy but...
... But not on Foreign Policy.
The DNVP withdrew from government in 1925 because they were opposed to the Locarno pact -
Period: to
Exports rise by 40% and Inflation was minimal
This brought social benefits such as an increase in hourly wage rates and living standards rose. -
Period: to
30,000 Polish people leave Germany
This was due to ongoing tension formed as result of the border shift confirmed by the ToV and the fact that Poland fought against them in the war. -
Period: to
17% of the unemployed are between 14 and 21
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President Ebert dies
With no clear winner at the first round of elections a second round had to be held. The conservative general Hindenburg won. Despite being unsympathetic to left-wing ideals, he did aim to uphold the current constitution. -
Locarno Pact
- Engineered by Stresemann. It fixed the borders at what had been agreed in the ToV and ensured that France, Belgium and Germany would never attack each other except in legitimate defence.
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Luther's Coalition collapses because...
... They couldn't decide on what to make the national flag. -
The Bavarian Government discriminates against Gypsies
They passed a series of laws that controlled their movements and heavily encouraged children into school and adults into permanent employment. -
The welfare state was taking up 40% of Government Spending
They were supporting:
800,000 disabled war veterans
360,000 war widows
900,000 war orphans -
Bavaria declares all Gypsies should carry identity cards
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A new Bill relating to schools was proposed
The Bill would have put Secular, Confessional and common schools on equal footing.
It was supported by the public but the revising committee were unable to agree and so it was never passed -
Unemployment Insurance Act
This arranged support for workers who had lost their jobs using taxes payed by the upper and middle classes. They resented their money being spent on the vulnerable. Despite this it provided support for 1.3 million unemployed and was the largest scheme of its kind in the entire world. -
National Income is 12% higher now than in 1913
However, the damage caused by hyperinflation created a dangerous reliance on foreign investment. -
Agricultural production was only at 74% of its pre-war total
- Many small farmers lost heir savings during hyperinflation.
- As the 20's progressed many banks reclaimed farms to pay off the mounting debt that farmer's owed.
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SPD gains 29.8% of the vote
- This was the first time in 5 years they had been part of government.
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Marx's Coalition collapses because...
... They couldn't agree on whether or not to grant equal status to state and church schools. -
56% of Students are members of a 'Corporation'
corporations were large organisations with nationwide connections. Belonging to a corporation affected a person's career.
Some of them excluded people because of their ethnicity or social class. Eg, German Aryan Chambers. -
Jewish populace and Communists are blamed for the onset of Depression.
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The Wall Street Crash
This had worldwide consequences but was especially devastating for Germany as they had been relying heavily on American loans to bolster the economy. The Americans not only withdrew these loans but began demanding their immediate repayment. -
The Education System was diverse
- controlled by the state governments not the federal government.
- In 1931 there were:
- 29,000 Protestant Schools
- 15,000 Catholic Schools
- 8000 Common Schools (mixed-faith schools)
- 295 Secular Schools
- 97 Jewish Schools
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The Danat Bank collapses
This followed the collapse of several small banks in 1930 and brought Germany closer to Economic ruin. -
Production had dropped to 40% of 1929 levels