-
Jan 1, 1000
Paleo Period
Paleo Information
Paleo is nomadic (moving constantly) so they can follow food sources.They're also hunters and gatherers. Large spearheads "clovis points" are waht they use to catch food. Mammoths are the most common animals they catch. In this period of time they were hunting large game animals such as bison,groundsloth,and sabor tooth tiger. There isn't any organized trade or religion. -
Jan 1, 1000
Archaic Period
Archaic Information
Archaic have seasonal migrations to the same spots each season.Dwelings are caves, pithouses, and underground shelter.To catch food they use smaller, thinner, spearheads that are more pointed.Large animals no longer exist but small games animals do such as deer,bear,turkey,fish,oysters, shellfish and also nuts and berries to preserve the meats. -
Jan 1, 1000
Woodland Period
Woodland Infromation
They were starting to form tribes.They werent nomadic they were living in more permanent areas.They lived in round houses that resembled as huts.They were the first ones to make up the bow and arrow in a simple form and they had some pottery.Woodlands also experimented with farming such as sunflowers,squash,gourds,beans,maize and hunted small game animals. -
Period: Jan 1, 1000 to
Mississippian Period
Mississippian Information
They had began to form cities also established governments "chiefdom".They were first true civillization and European contact.They were most advanced with bow and arrow,pottery,statues,jewerly,and stonen tools.Even though the Woodlands experimented with farming Mississippians were the first to live off of agriculture such as corn,beans,squash. -
Nov 1, 1540
Hernando De Soto
De Soto came to Georgia in search of gold.He was a conquistador that had an expedition through the Florida Native American territories.When De Soto came they killed thousands of Natives during battles and had better weapons.Thousands of Natives died from diseases brought by the explorers.They believed that half the Netive Americans died from measles,small pox,etc.De Soto didnt find any gold or trteasure but they changed the lives and culture of the American Indians forever. -
Charter Of 1732
King George admitted and signed the Charter Of 1732.It was admitted on April 21,1732 but he signed it on June 7,1732.James Oglethorpe believed that the best way the worthy poor to find a new life was to begin a new colony.It took place in between the Savannah and Altahama Rivers.the four rules were no trustee could own land or holdoffice,no catholics,no lawyers,and a common council. -
Charter Of 1732
Georgia's Charter of 1732 did not include a provision that banned liquor in the colony.In 1732 King George 2 grant Oglethorpe and his group a charter for the colony of Georgia.According to the charter,Catholics were not allowed to settle in Georgia.According to Georgia's Charter of 1732 blacks were forbidden to enter georgia.Trustees could not hold office is the policy the king made to ensure that the Trustees did not take personal advantage of their position. -
Georgia Founded
Georgia Founded Info
In 1732,James Oglethorpe was given a charter from King George || to create a new colony which would be named Georgia.The two reasons he wanted another colony is because he wanted to serve as a place where debtors in prison could go start anew.He personally chose and founded Savannah as the first town.When he found Savannah he begged the chief,Tomochichi if he could have the land to build Georgia. -
Salzburgers Arrive
The Salzburgers were the people that were exiled from their home country because they were protestants.They came to Georgia on March 12,1734.King George || invited them to Georgia to escape the Catholic church because of charity.According to the Georgia Salzburger Society they formed the city of Ebenezer and was successful but left because the location was bad.Ebenezer was the first and oldest church in Georgia.The four successes were 1st saw mill,grist mill,silk production,and cattle farming. -
Highland Scots Arrive
The Highland Scots were settlers from Scotland conditioned to hard life in the Highlands of Scotland.They were known to be rugged,tough,and unafraid.They arrived on January 10,1736.James Oglethorpe recruited them to be a protection for the colony against the Spanish.The Highlands also used to protect the colony from an attack from the Spanish in Florida.Darien was the city the Highlands formed when the settled on the Altahama River. -
Period: to
John Reynolds
John Reynolds Info
John Reynolds was Georgia's first royal governor till October 1754-February 16,1756.His accomplishement was self government.His major error was running the colony alone.Their were disagreements between Reynolds and the Legislature.Reynolds sent the legislature home and he angers colonists by running Georgia government.Reynolds only serves fro 3 years so he gets replaced. -
Period: to
Henry Ellis
Henry Ellis Info
Henry Ellis was the man that replaced John Reynolds.His intention was to bring together the people of the colony in unity.His major accomplishments were major economic growth,growth of population,and foster a good relationship with the natives.He promoted farming and large farms(slaves).He also promoted avariety of goods.He suffered from heat related illnesses. -
Period: to
James Wright
James Wright Info
James Wright served 22 years as Georgia's third royal governor.His accomplishments were he expanded farms and trade(ellis' policies),fortified Savannah's defenses,owned land increased from 1 million-7 million acres,and helped to get Georgia's first newspaper.The people were mad at him because he tried to move the capital away from Savannah. and the Stamp Act which he enforces. -
University Of Georgia Founded
University Of Georgia Founded InformationThe University of Georgia was incorporated on January 27,1785.The city of Athens formed after the University.It was Athens,Greece,and Center of Learning.Abraham Baldwin was the first UGA president.The two major effects were Georgia's populaton grew and more intelligent population,and more culture. -
Period: to
Capital Moved To Louisville
The new capital was Louisville and was during January 26,1796 through December 1,1807.It was named Louisville in honor of King Lousiville XV1 of France for helping during the Revolution.Louisville was very unsuccessful.The land around it was swampy and full of mosquitoes,so the capital didnt function well.The capital moved to Milledgeville less than 10 years. -
Period: to
Constitutional Covention
William Few Jr and Abraham Baldwin represented at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and were the two men that signed the new U.S. Constitution.Georgia wanted to sign the constitution so quickly because it included much more detail.The articles they had were too weak so they need someone to represent and make it bigger also the problems with the Indians.Georgia was looking for the National Government to help with the Indian problem.It was approved March 1,1781. -
Eli Whitney And The Cotton Gin
Eli Whitney And The Cotton Gin InventionThe cotton gin was known as "King Cotton".Cotton was not a profitable business.The reason it was invented because it took too long to seed cotton by hand,very diificult,cost money to pay for help.It had 2 positive influences;it sped up cotton production and increased profit also it increased the need for use of slaves. -
Yazoo Land Fraud
The Yazoo Land Fraud was an event that changed Georgia forever.Georgia along with South Carolina and Spain,claimed land near the Mississippi River.Members of Georgia General Assembly were bribed by land companies to ssell the land.Georgia got in big troouble for doing this.Its border changed to the Chattahoochee River and it lost any claims past it.This made white settlers more greedy for Native American land. -
Missouri Compromise
Missouri Compromise Information
The Missori Compromise was on March 4,1820.Missouri was equal to a slave state nut Maine was equal to a free state.Missouri Compromise was the attempt to keep balance between free free and slave people.The line was drawn with Missouri's southern border.This meant that the North was free and the South had slaves.The South and Norths reactions was they supported it because it kept blance. -
Dahlonega Gold Rush
The land lotteries,the Yazoo Land Fraud,the discovery of gold,and the expansion of slavery and agriculture in the South led to the removal of the Native Americans in Georgia.the discovery of gold in Dahlonega by a man named Benjamin Parks led to a massive gold rush also drove more Georgians to desire Native American land. -
Worcester vs. Georgia
Worcester vs. Georgia Informationthe Supreme Court casse awas challenging Georgia law.Worcester was representing the cherokee.Chief Justice john Marshall ruled in favor of the cherokee.The President;Andrew Jackson refused to enforce the decision.So he signs the Indian Removal Act which means all natives relocated west of the Mississippi river. -
Period: to
Trail Of Tears
The Trail Of Tears was the forced removal of the Cherokee from Ga.The Cherokee were rounded up,forced into concentration camps,and then forced to march to Oklahoma in the winter time.Some Cherokee were forced to make the journey by boat.This move devastated the Cherokee.It killed 1/3 of their people,and remains one of the most terrible events in Ga's history. -
Compromise Of 1850
The Compromise was in September.The North reacts by California entering as a free state. The South reacts by the Fugitive Slave Law meaning all runway slaves must be returned.So the Utah and New Mexico vote on slavery. The slave trade was abolished in the District of Columbia. The Fugitive Slave Act made any federal official who did not arrest a runaway slave liable to pay a fine. This was the most controversial part of the Compromise.The Compromise of 1850 was key in delaying the start -
Georgia Platform
The Compromise of 1850 supported Gerogia Platfrom,a group of Georgians who fought to keep the Union together at all costs.Alexander Stephens was a man who supported the idea of staying in the Union (although he later became the vice president of the Conderacy). -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Kansas-Nebraska Act InformationThe Kansas-Nebraska Act was on May 30,1854.It was a laaw manadating "popular sovereignty" in Kansas-Nebraska.Popular sovereignty equaled votion on slavery.Settlers from Missouri were Pro-Slavery but settlers from Iowa were antsavery.It was a fight that led it to be named 'Bleeding Kansas".The South supported it becuase it opened up territory for slavery.On the other hand the North opposed to iy because it opened up territory for slavery. -
Booker T. Washington
Bookerf T. Washington was a former slave who ggave the famous "Atlanta Compromise Speech"and founded thr Tuskegee Institute,a trade school.He believed pogress and equality was a slow progress for African Americans.He believed that African Americans should be patient and wait for equality. -
Dred Scott Case
Dred Scott Caase InfromationThe Dred Scott Case was about an African American man.Scott was a slaves,whose owner moved to a free state.Scott sued fro freedom stating that he should be free.Dealing with the Supreme Court,the court rules him not free because he wasnt a citizen but property wherever the owner goes.The South supported it because it opens up every where to slavery.The North oppses to it because it opens up every where to slavery. -
Election Of 1860
The Election of 1860 consists of Abraham Licoln winning presidency.His purpose was that he wanted to keepslavery where it already existed because he didnt wantit spreading.The South was unhappy and contemplated on leaving the union.Georgia debated and ultimately decided to leave but Alexander Stephens opposed to it. -
Period: to
Union Blockade of Georgia
When Sherman go to Savannah,he was able to take advantage of the fact that the Union Blockade had prevented supplies from leaving and entering the Confederacy.Instead of burning Savannah,he cashed in on the supplies that the blockades kept from leaving. -
Battle Of Antietam
The Battle Of Antietam was fought in Sharpsburg,Maryland in September of 1862.Although this battle was the only one day long,it was the bloodiest one day of the whole year.This battle led both sides (Union and Confederacy) to realize that the war was going to take a long time. -
Emancipation Proclamation
http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/emancipation-proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation was 5 days after the Battle of Antietam.This was a document that had affected over 4 million slaves in the United States;and was issued by President Lincoln at the time.The point of it was for the Confederate to end the war and end 244 years of slave.They had choices but the Confederate leaders chose to continue and fight. -
Period: to
Battle Of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania was a turning point in the Civil War.The battle was fought July 1-3,1863,and resulted a union victory that ended General Robert E. Lee's second invasion of the North.This was the war's bloodiest battle with 51,000 casualties.The confederate commander at the Battle Of Gettysburg was Robert E. Lee.This battle resulted Lee's retreat to Virginia and ended the hopes of the confedracy for victory. -
Period: to
Battle Of Chickamauga
The Battle of Chickamauga was fought in Georgia.In this battle,Union General William T. Sherman was trying to take control of Chattanooga,TN (he wanted access to its railroads).The Confederate wa sable to stop Sherman at this point,but they did not follow up on the retreat-this was abig mistake for the confederacy,Sherman came back stronger. -
Sherman's Atlanta Campaign
Once Sherman regrouped,he was able to begin the Atlanta Campaign.This was an attept to get to Atlanta,Ga.Sherman was able to capture and encircle the city,and then he burned it to the ground.Sherman then began his MArch to the Sea,a path of destruction in Georgia that was 60 miles wide and 300 miles long.This march totally devastated the state of Georgia. -
Freedmen's Bureau
The Freedmens Bureau is just what it says freed men eqaling freed slave.The Freedmen's Bureau was covering freed slaves and poor whites. The conditions of the people were homeless,unemployed,uneducated,and searching for food and shelter.The purpose was to provide food,shelter and educate to freed slaves and poor whites.Atlanta University,Morehouse College,and Clark University werecolleges set upfortraining freedblacksand poor whites.the director of the Bureau is Oliver Howard;Howard University. -
Klu Klux Klan
The Klu Klux Klan was formed in 1865 in Pulaski,Tennessee.It was formed by Confederate Soldiers.Their purpose wa to intimidate blacks through violence to keepthem from voting and exercising their rights.It was the white supremacist organization that tried to keep the former slaves from getting rights.They hated the new amendents and tried to keep African Americans from voting.It led to Georgia being placed under military rule. -
WEB DuBois
WEB DuBois was a founder of the Niagara Movement.Later it bacame the NAACP (National Association for the Adavncement of Colored People) and he wrote a book called the Soul of Black folk.BuBois felt that equality for African Americans should come instantly and that African Americans should have a higher education. -
Period: to
International Cotton Exposition
The International Cotton Exposition was a fair in Atlanta that Henry Grady set up.It was organized to help bring new indusrty to the South.The cotton expo had exhibits of new farming technology,as well as speakers (like Grady and Booker T.Washington).The exposition brought in thousands of visitors to the 'New South". -
Period: to
Tom Watson And the Populists
http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/thomas-e-watson-1856-1922
Tom Watson was a Georgia Populists leader called on black and white farmers tounite in an effort to gain fair ttreatment from the state and national governments.The populists party in Georgia was the party of the small farmers.Tom Watson's greatest accomplishment was a bill requiring rural mail delivery.Tom Watson supported farmers. -
1906 Atlanta Riot
The 1906 Race Riots took place in Atlanta in 1906.Stories of false violence in Atlanta newspapers discussed African American men attacking white women.tensions took to the street,and men began to fight.Mostly African Americans were killed but whites too. -
Period: to
Leo Frank Case
http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/leo-frank-case
The murder trial of Leo Frank resulted in a death sentence.John Slaton was the governor who commuted Leo Frank's from death to life in prison.After John Slaton made his decision Leo Frank was taken back to jail and throughout that night a mob came and gotLeo Frank and lynched him. -
Period: to
World War 1
Great Britian,France,United States,and Russia were countries that were allies in WW1.The "final blow" thath led President Woodrow Wilson to ask Congress to declare war against the Central Powers in WW1 was the Zimmermann Telegram.Camp Benning did infantry train in WW1.Armistice that ended WW1 was the event celebrated on the 11th hour of the 11th month of the year.The information used by the Allied nations to promote their cause and entice the US to enter WW1 was called propaganda. -
Period: to
County Unit System
https://ss8h12.wordpress.com/countyunitsystem/
The County Unit System affected voting and politics in Georgia by giving the rural areas more power.Rural areas benefited from the County Unit System.The positive aspect was it allowed less populated areas to have the same political power as larger populated areas.The NeilPrimary Act allowed less populated counties in Georgia to have the same or greater pwer and influence in the General Assembly as the more populated counties. -
Agricultural Adjustment Act
The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) was created in March 1933.The AAA failed to benefit African Americans in Georgia because subsides were paid to property owners,not the tenant farmers.Tenant farmers of Georgians failed to benefit from the AAA.Property owners of Georgians benefited most from the AAA. -
Civilian Conservation Corps
The purpose of these laws was to bring about economic recovery,relieve the suffering of the unemployed,reform defects in the economy,and improve society.The CCC was a New Deal program that provided jobs for young single men building forest trails and roads, planting trees to forest trails and roads,planting trees reforest the land and control floodin,and building parks.To provide loans to students was not a purpose of the New Deal. -
Rural Electrification
The New Deal's rural electrification project provided loans to farmers' cooperatives so they could run lines in rural areas.The REA New Deal program resulted from President Franklin Roosevelt's view of rural Ga without electricity while sitting on his porch in the evening.This was an important New Deal program.Franklin Roosevelt's time spent in Ga brought about the establishment of the REA because he wanted to reduce the cost of electricity for the poor. -
Social Security Act
The purpose of Social Security is to create a system of retirement and unemployment insurance.This agency was created to give retirement benefits to the ederly and still exists today.Farm workers were not covered by social security.In 1935,congress passed the Social Security Act. -
Herman Talmadge
Herman Talmadge, son of Eugene Talmadge, served as governor of Georgia
Herman Talmadge, son of Georgia governor Eugene Talmadge, took the governor's office briefly in 1947, and again after a special election in 1948.
Herman Talmadge for a brief time in early 1947 and again from 1948 to 1954. In 1956 Talmadge was elected to the U.S. Senate, where he served until his defeat in 1980. Talmadge, a Democrat, was governor at a time of political transition in the state. -
1946 Governor's Race
Georgia's "three governors controversy" of 1946-47, which began with the death of Governor-elect Eugene Talmadge, was one of the more bizarre political spectacles in the annals of American politics. In the wake of Talmadge's death, his supporters proposed a plan that allowed the Georgia legislature to elect a governor in January 1947. When the General Assembly elected Talmadge's son as governor, governor, Ellis Arnall, refused to leave. -
Brown v. Board of Education
One of these class actions, Brown v. Board of Education was filed against the Topeka, Kansas school board by representative-plaintiff Oliver Brown, parent of one of the children denied access to Topeka's white schools. Brown claimed that Topeka's racial segregation violated the Constitution's Equal Protection Clause because the city's black and white schools were not equal to each other and never could be. -
1956 State Flag
The current flag of the State of Georgia was adopted on May 8, 2003. The flag bears three stripes consisting of red-white-red, and a blue canton containing a ring of 13 white stars encompassing the state's coat of arms in gold. In the coat of arms, the arch symbolizes the state's constitution and the pillars represent the three branches of government: legislative, executive, and judicial. The words of the state motto, "Wisdom, Justice, and Moderation", are wrapped around the pillars, guarded by -
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, often pronounced "snick", was one of the most important organizations of the American Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s.It was a group of students who organized non-violent protests.Protests like sir-ins were organized to show inequality in the South.The SNCC supported the March on washington and the Albany Movement. -
Hamilton Holmes And Charlayne Hunter
Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter were two students who were the first African American students to enter into the University of Georgia.They were not welcomed kindly by their fellow students.Many protests took place concerning their entry into UGA.However,both went on to graduate and lead successful careers. -
The Albany Movement
The Albany Movement was organized by several civil rights organizations to bring attention to the city of Albany,Georgia.Albany had many segregated public facilities and a large African American population.SNCC,and Martin Luther King Jr worked with the African American citizens of Albany.They staged non-violent protests in segregated areas which were met by police with several arrests.Many of the protesters were arrested and the media focused attention on the town of Albany. -
Martin Luther King Jr
Martin Luther King Jr was born in Atlanta.He is was a civil rights leader.Hed believed in peaceful negations for rights.Martin Luther King Jr organized the March on Washington which he gave his famous "I Hav A Dream" speech.During the Albany Movement he was arrested.MLK was assassinated by James Earl Ray on April 4,1968 in Memphis,TN. -
Lester Maddox
Lester Maddox grew up knowing poverty.By 1933 he had dropped out of high school and was working at Atlantic Steel and works Progress Administration.Maddox was a segregationist and a resturaunt owner who used axe handles to chase after African Americans who tried to eat at his resturaunt,the Pickrick.He later became governor of Georgia in 1967 and appointe many blacks to positions in state offices and worked with prison reform. -
Benjamin Mays
A distinguished African American minister, educator, scholar, and social activist, Benjamin Mays is perhaps best known as the longtime president of Morehouse College in Atlanta. He was also a significant mentor to civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. and was among the most articulate and outspoken critics of segregation before the rise of the modern civil rights movement in the United States.Mays also filled a leadership role in several significant national and international organizations. -
Maynard Jackson Elected Mayor
Maynard Jackson was elected mayor of Atlanta in 1973,he was the African American man to serve as mayor of a major southern city.A lawyer in the securities field,Jackson remained a highly influential force in city politics after leaving elected office.Before and during his third term,he worked closely with Young,Atlanta Olympic organization chair. -
Andrew Young
Andrew Jackson Young was an African American politician,diplomat,activist and pastor from Georgia.Young was brought up to believe that "from those to whom much has been given much will be required".Young accepted that responsibilty from a young age,but as he wrote in his 1996 autobiography,his mission as a civil rights activist and politician has been for him "an easy burden".He was elected as the 2nd African American mayor of Atlanta. -
Period: to
Jimmy Carter in Ga
Jimmy Carter,the only Georgian elected president of the U.S.,held office for one term.During his years of public service at the local, state,and federal levels,Carter's policies contained a unique blend of liberal social values and fiscal conservatism.He supported equal rights for all Americans especially women and minorities,and basic human rights for all people.In 2002 Carter won the prestigious Noble Peace Prize for his humanitarian efforts. -
Plessy vs. Ferguson
During the case of Plessy vs. Ferguson segregation became legal.Plessy vs. Ferguson gave states the right to promote segregation.According to Plessy vs. Ferguson, the Fourteenth Amendment was not violated by establishing "seperate-but-equal" facilities.Homer Plessy sat in the "Whites Only" car on a train because he wanted to test the legality of a law requiring sperate-but-equal facilities.The Georgia case Brown vs. Board of Education tested the decision in Plssy vs. Ferguson. -
Period: to
1996 Olympic Games
Atlanta hosted the Centennial Summer Olympic Games,an event that was without doubt the largest undertaking in the city's history.Athletes from alllover the world came to Atlanta to compete in this large scale international event.Preparations for the Olympics took more than 6 years after the awarding of the bid to Atlanta and had an estimated economy impact on the city.The 1996 Olympic produced a significant legacy for Atlanta and its leaders. -
Austin Dabney
Austin Dabney was the fisrt African American soldier who was seriously wounded at the Battle of Kettle Creek.He was a child of mixed percentage.Dabney arrived with a man by the name of Richard Aycock.Aycock thought that Dabney should take his place.He received a plot of land on Madison County because he had already moved to Georgia.He died in 1843,fifty five years after the Battle of Kettle Creek. -
Henry McNeal Turner
In 1867 blacks voted for the first time.It was also the first time in Georgia that a Republican governor is elected and 29 black legislators are elected in Georgia.All 29 black legislators were expelled from the General Assembly.Their response was they had the right to vote,but not the right to hold office.Turner was never a slave but his paternal grandmother was a white plantation owner.He was managing on recieveing a good education. In 1856 he married Eliza Peacher. -
Sibley Commission
The Sibley Commission was an organization that was aimed at determining how Georgians felt about intergarting their school systems. -
Elijah Clarke/Kettle Creek
The first colonial victory in gerogia during the American Revolution occurred at Kettle Creek.Elijah Clarke was the leader of the militia who led the forces at the Battle of Kettle Creek.The importance of the Battle of Kettle Creek was the colonists took needed weapons and horses from the British.Morale throughout the colonies was at an all-time low.