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1162
Birth of Temujin (Genghis Khan)
Born into Borjigin Clan of the Mongols. He was born with a blood clot in his hand, which was believed to signify future greatness. -
1206
Unification of Mongol Tribes
Temujin united various Mongol tribes and was given the name Genghis Khan (Universal Leader). This marks the establishment of the Mongol Empire. -
Period: 1219 to 1221
Conquest of Khwarezmian Empire
The Mongols invaded the Khwarezmian Empire ruled by Ala-al-din. They destructed cities and territories, leading to the collapse of the Khwarezmian Empire. This was the destruction of one of the most powerful forces in the Islamic world. -
Period: 1234 to 1234
Conquest of Jin Dynasty
Genghis launched attacks against the Jin Dynasty. After over two decades of war, the Mongols captured Zhongdu, the capital, and modern day Beijing. This event was a significant expansion of the Mongol territory. It also established Genghis Khan as a formidable military leader. -
1258
Capture of Baghdad
Genghis Khan himself didn't participate, but was a result of his earlier campaigns. His grandson Hulagu Khan lead the Mongols in capturing Baghdad. Marked the end of the Islamic golden age and a huge expansion of the Mongol Empire.