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the First Fleet 1
The First Fleet
The First Fleet sailed from Portsmouth England on 13th May 1787. The fleet consisted of 11 ships. There were 3 naval escorts, 6 transport ships and 2 store ships carrying supplies.
The purpose of the First Fleet was to begin European colonization of Australia. On board the 11 ships there were approximately 1500 people. Exact numbers are unknown because not all passengers were counted. Approximately 700 of the passengers were convicts. -
the First Fleet 2
The rest were free settlers and naval crew and their families. 47 people died during the voyage and 28 babies were born. The commander of the fleet was Captain Arthur Philip.
The ships arrived in Botany Bay New South Wales on 18th January 1788. On 26th January 1788 they went ashore at Port Jackson. Captain Arthur Philip named the landing place Sydney Cove which became the site of modern day Sydney. -
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australian colonial history
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Burke and Wills 1
Robert O’Hara Burke and William John Wills
On the 20th of August 1860 Robert O’Hara Burke and William John Wills set off to explore inland Australia. The reasons for the expedition were both scientific and monetary. They hoped to find an inland sea and study new plants and animals, and they also wanted to find a possible route for telegraph line across Australia -
Burke and Wills 3
The trip North took longer than expected. Burke and Wills reached the coast but could not see the coastline because of the thick mangrove scrub. They turned back South with little food and they were already malnourished. Grey died before they reached Coopers Creek.
Burke, Wills and King reached Coopers Creek on 21 April 1861, however the rest of the expedition had given up waiting for them and had left that same morning. -
Burke and Wills 5
Burks and Wills both died on or around 26 June 1861. They tried to copy the aboriginal people by making flour from Nardoo seeds but they did not cook the seeds first and the uncooked flour slowly poisoned them.
King survived because the local aboriginal people helped him. Another search party was sent from Melbourne and King was found on 15th September 1861 living with the Yandruwanhda people. He was taken back to Melbourne as a hero. -
Burke and Wills 2
The expedition took 20 tonnes of supplies including 6 tonnes of firewood, 8 tonnes of food supplies and 5 inflatable haemorrhoid cushions.
The explorers reached Menindie on XXXXXX. Burke then selected 6 men to form an advance party to travel to Cooper’s Creek. At the creek they made a fort to keep their food supplies safe. Then Burke selected 3 men (Wills, King and Grey) to travel North with him. They took took 1 horse, 6 camels and 3 months of supplies for the trip. -
Burke and Wills 4
Burke, Wills and King reached Coopers Creek on 21 April 1861; however the rest of the expedition had given up waiting for them and had left that same morning. Burke, Wills and King tried to reach a station 250 kms away but were driven back to the creek because they could not carry enough water. While they were away the rest of the party came back but as Burke, Wills and King had left no sign of being there, the others were convinced that they had died and left for good. -
The 1st test cricket match
The first officially recognized test cricket match was played between Australia and England at the Melbourne cricket ground (MCG). The match started on the 15 of March 1877 and Australia won by 45 runs.
In those days hitting the ball over the MCG fence was worth 5 not 6 runs.
Charles Bannerman retired hurt after making 165 runs for Australia, while Billy Midwinter took 5 wickets for 78 runs for England. -
Ned kelly and the seige at Glenrowan 1
Ned Kelly was born in June 1855 in Beveridge Victoria.
Ned was the eldest son of 8 children. His parents’ names were John Kelly and Ellen Quinn.
Ned Kelly’s criminal life started when he was 14 when he was arrested for assaulting a Chinese man. The year after, he was arrested again for helping bushranger Harry Power.
The siege at Glenrowan took place on the 28th of June 1880 when Ned Kelly, Dan Kelly, Steve Hart and Joe Byrne took 47 people hostage at the inn at Glenrowan. -
Ned kelly and the seige at Glenrowan 2
. Ned knew the police where coming by train so he ordered the track mechanic to derail the tracks to stop the police. However someone escaped and wrapped their scarf around a lantern and stopped the police from crashing. Then the Kelly gang and the police shot at each other for 15 minutes while the police tried to capture them. The gang had made bulletproof armor to protect their bodies from bullets. Ned was shot in the legs and was captured. Joe Byrne was shot at the bar whilst drinking whiskey -
federation 3
Not all of the colonies sent people to the meetings, and because the colonies were of different sizes it was decided that the parliament should be like that in the United States – where bigger states have more people to vote in the House of Representatives but the same number as all states for the Senate.
The vote for the Constitution failed this year.
In 1899 premiers met to discuss issues of concern to all states and changes were made to the constitution. -
federation 4
One big change was that there would be a new capital built between Melbourne and Sydney because both cities thought they should be the capital and could not agree. This time a vote on the Constitution was successful.
In 1900 a committee took the Constitution to London to convince the British Parliament to pass a law allowing the colonies in Australia to become one nation. -
federation 6
On the 1st January 1901 the first Governor General Lord, Hopetoun declared that there were now 6 states forming the Commonwealth of Australia. The first sitting of parliament was opened on the 9th May in Melbourne. -
federation 2
In 1891 each colony sent 7 people to discuss federation and to write a constitution or a set of rules about how the nation’s parliament will work.
In 1893 the federation groups decided that the people in Australia ought to vote to decide if federation should occur.
Throughout 1897-8 meetings to discuss federation and the draft constitution continued. -
federation 1
The federation of Australian occurred on the 1st of January 1901.
A federation is the joining of states becomes one nation. In 1860 there were 6 separate colonies in Australia - they could decide some things themselves but laws were set in Britain.
By 1890 each colony could elect their own government, but big
decisions were still made in Britain. The colonies were talking about
joining together to form one nation. -
federation 5
The law was passed in May and signed by Queen Victoria in July – this documented that New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia and Tasmania would become states in the Commonwealth of Australia.
During 1900 there was a gold rush in Western Australia and people from all over Australia went in search of gold. The Western Australians began to change their minds about federation and in August they voted to join in.