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Oct 31, 1517
Criticism of the Indulgences by Luther
Luther nailed this devastating critique of the indulgences to the door of the University in Wittenberg -
1526
The Tyndale Bible
In England the tyndale bible was published in 1526, William tyndale translated the New testament into English. -
1529
Pope rejects Henry VIII's divorce with Catherine of Aragon
The Pope rejected Henry’s petition for a divorce.
This photo depicts the 1530 letter sent by English nobles urging Pope Clement VII to annul Henry VIII's marriage to his first wife Catherine of Aragon . -
1533
Henry VIII married Anne Boleyn
Henry VIII was in love with Anne Boleyn, Catherine Aragon lady-in-waiting -
1534
Act of Supremacy
Act of supremacy which founded the Anglican Church and made King Henry VIII the sole supreme head of the Church -
1537
Pilgrimage of Grace
The dissolution process was interrupted by rebellions in Yorkshire and Lincolnshire.
These were the greatest rebellions ever faced by a Tudor monarch. They lasted 6 months and were called the Pilgrimage of Grace. -
1549
Book of Common Prayer
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1553
The coronation of Mary I
Mary I (Tudor) became the first Queen of England -
1555
Bloody Mary
From 1555 to 1558, protestantism was confined to secrecy as heretics were burned -
1558
Mary I dies of illness
Her death in 1558 was greeted as she had turned the nation against her -
1559
The act of supremacy: church organization
• Abolished the authority of the Pope
• Restored the authority of the Queen over the church
• She became supreme Governor of the Church of England -
1559
The Act of Uniformity: Religious belief
• Evey parish had to use the Book of Common Prayer
• People who did not attend an Anglican service were fined -
1563
The 39 articles of faith: Doctrine
(1563-1571)
• Started of doctrine (religious belief) of the Church • 3 important changes: a new ecclesiology (conception of the church)/a new doctrine of salvation /a new definition of sacraments and of the mass still in use today -
1569
The Northern Rebellion
• Rebellion against religious reforms
• 60000 insurgents.
• An attempt to replace the Queen
• The revoit was led by the Earls of Westmorland of Northnumberland
• It was crushed -
1570
The excommunication of Elizabeth I
The Pope’s hostility to the Elizabethan religious settlement was growing
• He instructed English catholics no to attend Anglican churches services • 1570: Pope Pius V issued the papal bull “Regnans in Excelsis” (la bible papale, un texte provenant du Pape) : • It called Elizabeth « The so-called queen” (!), “a heretic favouring heretics” • It excommunicated Elizabeth • =almost giving Catholics licence to kill her with the certainty that it would not be seen as a crime by Rome -
1571
The Treasons Act
The 1571 Treasons Act made it treason for anyone to say that Elizabeth was not the true Queen of England and Wales -
1581
The 1581 Act
“Act to retain the Queen’s Majesty subjects in their due Obedience”:
• It provided for the death penalty for any person converting, or already converted to Catholicism.
• It was now forbidden to participate or celebrate the Catholic Mass
• Anglican services were compulsory:£20 per month fine
-->163 persons kill during repression in 26 years -
The Babington plot
Young Catholics had to sworn to kill Elizabeth and put Mary Stuart on the throne but their strategies were discovered by francis Walsingham, when he managed to decipher a coded letter between marie Stuart and this group. Mary queen of Scots was convicted for complicity and sentenced to death -
The execution of Mary I Queen of Scots
She was executed in 1587 in Fotheringham Castle, wearing a bright red dress, the colour of Catholic martyrs. -
The Defeat of the Spanish Armada
Phillip II, the Catholic King of Spain supported several plots of Elizabeth.
In retaliation, and to support the cause of Protestantism, Elizabeth supported the Dutch revolt against Spain.
As a result, the King of Spain attempted to invade England, a complete defeat, England was victorious