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Oct 31, 1517
Criticism of the Indulgences by Protestants
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1526
The Tyndale Bible
The New Testament translated into English by William Tyndale -
1529
Pope rejects Henry VIII's divorce with Catherine of Aragon
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1533
Henry VIII married Anne Boleyn
Act of Succession : made Anne Boleyn a legitimate Queen -
1534
Act of Supremacy
The king was made "Supreme Head of the Church of England" -
1537
Pilgrimage of Grace
The dissolution process was interrupted by rebellions in Yorkshire and Lincolnshire.
These were the greatest rebellions ever faced by a Tudor monarch. They lasted 6 months and were called the "Pilgrimage of Grace". -
1549
Book of Common Prayer
Revision of the mass-book, led to the publication of the Book of Common Prayer in 1549. Roman Catholic practices were eradicated. The marriage of clergy was allowed. The imposition of the Prayer Book led to rebellions in Cornwall and Devon. -
1553
The Coronation of Mary I
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1555
Bloody Mary
Protestantism was confined to secrecy as heretics were burned between 1555 and 1558. Under Mary’s brief reign, over 200 Protestants were burnt alive.
Protestants were forced to leave the country and fled to the Continent = they were the "Marian exiles". -
1558
Mary I died of illness
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1559
The Act of Uniformity : Religious
Every parish had to use the Book of Common Prayer. People who did not attend an Anglican service were fined. -
1559
The Act of Supremacy : Church organisation
Abolished the authority of the Pope.
Restored the authority of the Queen over the Church.
She became “Supreme Governor of the Church of England”. -
1563
The 39 articles of faith : Doctrine
- stated the doctrine of the Church
- 3 important changes : a new ecclesiology / a new doctrine of Salvation / a new definition of sacraments and of the mass
- still in use today
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1569
The Northern Rebellion
- Rebellion against religious reforms.
- 6000 insurgents.
- An attempt to replace Queen Elizabeth by Mary, Queen of Scots.
- The revolt was led by the Earls of Westmorland and Northumberland.
- It was crushed.
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1570
The excommunication of Elizabeth
Pope Pius V issued the papal bull "Regnans in Excelsis" : It called Elizabeth "The so-called queen" (!), "a heretic favouring heretics".
It excommunicated Elizabeth = almost giving Catholics licence to kill her with the certainty that it would not be seen as a crime by Rome. -
1571
The Treasons Act
The 1571 Treasons Act made it treason for anyone to say that Elizabeth was not the true Queen of England and Wales. -
1572
The execution of Mary Queen of Scots
Mary Queen of Scots was convicted for complicity and sentenced to death. She was executed in 1587 in Fotheringham Castle, wearing a bright red dress, the color of Catholic martyrs. -
1581
The 1581 Act
It provided for the death penalty for any person converting, or already converted to Catholicism.
It was now forbidden to participate or celebrate the Catholic Mass
Anglican services were compulsory: £20 per month fine. -
The Babington plot
Young Catholics had sworn to kill Elizabeth and put Mary Stuart on the throne but their strategies were discovered by Francis Walsingham, when he managed to decipher a coded letter between Marie Stuart and this group. -
The defeat of the Spanish Armada
Philip II, the Catholic King of Spain supported several plots against Elizabeth. In retaliation, and to support the cause of Protestantism, Elizabeth supported the Dutch Revolt against Spain. As a result, the King of Spain attempted to invade England. A complete defeat, England was victorious.