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Period: 1509 to 1547
Henry VIII’s reign
He created the Church of England and paved the way to Protestantism -
Oct 31, 1517
Martin Luther nailed the Ninety-five theses
A devastating critique of the indulgences to the door of the University of Wittenberg. -
1526
The Tyndale Bible
William Tyndale translated the New Testament into English -
1529
The Pope rejected the King’s petition for divorce
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1534
Act of Supremacy
The King was made “Supreme Head of the Church of England”. That is when the schism with the Roman Catholic Church happened. -
Period: 1536 to 1537
Pilgrimage of Grace
Rebellions against the dissolution took part in Yorkshire and Lincolnshire. There were the greatest rebellions ever faced by a Tudor monarch. They demanded the restoration of the Pope’s authority and of Mary Tudor to the Royal succession; economic grievances were also at the centre of the rebellion. -
Period: 1536 to 1541
Dissolution of monasteries
Henry decided that the monasteries were bastions of poperty. There were disbanded and the Crown took their income and land. It was a kind of nationalisation. -
Period: 1547 to 1553
Edward VI’s reign
Edward VI, son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour, was only 9 years old when he heritated from the crown. He continue the reformation that his father started. -
1549
The Book of Common prayer
The mass book for services in churches was revised which led to the publication of the Book of Common prayer. -
Period: 1553 to 1554
The restoration of Catholicism
She restored Catholicism in 18 months. -
Period: 1553 to 1558
Mary I’s reign
Mary I or “Bloody Mary” repealed the previous legislation of her father and half-brother. She restored Catholic mass and persecuted Protestants. -
Period: 1555 to 1558
The persecution of Protestants
Protestants were seen as heretics and were burned between 1555 and 1558. Under Mary’s reign, over 200 Protestants went to the stake. -
Period: 1558 to
Elizabeth I’s reign
She pacified religious divisions and led to a second reformation which defined the Chuch of England. -
1559
Act of supremacy
The second act of supremacy abolished the authority of the Pope and restored the authority of the Queen above the Church. She became « Supreme Governor of the Church of England ». -
1559
Act of Uniformity
Every parish had to use the book of Common prayer -
Period: 1563 to 1571
The 39 articles of faith
Stated the doctrine of the Church. It stated 3 important changes : a new ecclesiology, a new doctrine of salvation, a new definition of sacraments and of the mass -
1569
The Northern Rebellion
Rebellion against Protestants reforms. There were 6000 insurgents and they attempted to replace Queen Elizabeth by Mary, Queen of Scots. The revolt was led by Earl Westmorland and Northumberland. -
1570
Pope Pius V excommunicated Elizabeth and issued the Papal bull
Pope Pius V issued the Papal bull. It called Elizabeth « the so-called Queen » « a heretic favoring heretic » and it excommunicated the Queen. After that the Queen started to persecute the Catholics in England. -
1581
The 1581 act
It provided for the death penalty for any person converting or already converted to Catholicism. Anglican services were compulsory : £20 per month fine if not attended. -
The execution of Mary Queen of Scots
Mary Stuart the Queen’s cousin was convicted for complicity in the Babington plot ( a plot to kill the Queen ) and was sentenced to death. She was executed wearing a bright red dress, the colour of Catholics martyrs, a huge political statement. -
The Defeat of the Spanish armada
England was victorious against the Spanish Armada known as the Invicible Armada. The victory had ideological effect and was widely used as propaganda.