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Absolutism and the French Revolution
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The Monarchy
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Napoleon
Napoleon was born on 15 August 1769 to Carlo Maria di Buonaparte and Maria Letizia Ramolino in his family's ancestral home, Casa Buonaparte in the town of Ajaccio, Corsica. He was their fourth child and third son -
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Napoleon as emperor
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The terror/committe of public safety
The Committee of Public Safety succeeded the previous Committee of General Defence (established in January 1793). And assumed its role of protecting the newly established republic against foreign attacks and internal rebellion. -
The Republic
This period is characterized by the fall of the monarchy, the establishment of the National Convention and the infamous Reign of Terror, the founding of the Directory and the Thermidorian Reaction, and finally, the creation of the Consulate and Napoleon’s rise to power. -
The Bastille is Stormed
The Bastille was attacked by an angry mob on this day. They wanted the weapons,ammunition and they freed the prisoners. -
Time of the monarchy
The women of Paris invaded Versailles. Parisians, led by a large number of women, march upon Versailles and force the royal family back to Paris, where they take up residence at the Tuileries. -
napoleon
the first Frenchman to hold the title of emperor in a thousand years. Pope Pius VII handed Napoleon the crown that the 35-year-old conqueror of Europe placed on his own head. -
The time of monarcy
The National Guard kills between 20-50 rowdy Parisians. who had gathered to sign a Cordeliers petition for the abolition of the monarchy. -
The republic
France was engaged in war with Prussia and Austria. In July 1792, the Duke of Brunswick, commanding general of the Austro–Prussian Army, issued his Brunswick Manifesto, in which he threatened the destruction of Paris should any harm come to King Louis XVI. -
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The Republic
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The terror/committee of public safety
The Committee of Public Safety created in April 1793 by the National Convention. Then it was restructured in July 1793 -
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The Committee of Public safety
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The Terror
was a period of violence that occurred after the onset of the French Revolution, incited by conflict between rival political factions, the Girondins and the Jacobins.The death toll ranged in the tens of thousands, with 16,594 executed by guillotine (2,639 in Paris), and another 25,000 in summary executions across France. -
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The Terror
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The Terror
They also unleashed the bloody Reign of Terror (“la Terreur”), a 10-month period in which suspected enemies of the revolution were guillotined by the thousands. Many of the killings were carried out under orders from Robespierre, -
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The Directory
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The Directory
The Directory era itself is further split into two periods, the First Directory and the Second Directory, divided by the Coup of 18 Fructidor. The directory system of government was also used in several French client republics and modern Switzerland -
The director
The constitution specified the executive as consisting of five directors, chosen by the Ancients out of a list sent to them by the Five Hundred. One director faced retirement each year. -
Napoleon
Napoleon began to encounter the first significant defeats of his military career, suffering through a disastrous invasion of Russia, losing Spain to the Duke of Wellington in the Peninsula War, and enduring total defeat against an allied force by 1814 -
Napoleon
was a French military and political leader. but he is best remembered for his role in the wars led against France by a series of coalitions, the so-called Napoleonic Wars. -
Angry mobs/Barricades
Anger over the outlawing of the political banquets brought crowds of Parisians flooding out into the streets.The crowds directed their anger against the Citizen King Louis Philippe and his chief minister for foreign and domestic policy. -
The Angry Mobs/Barricades
However, in what is widely regarded as an accident, a soldier discharged his musket, which resulted in the rest of the soldiers firing into the crowd. Fifty two people were killed. Paris was soon a barricaded city.
