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Population
- The First Fleet had 11 ships, each one no larger than a Manly ferry, left Portsmouth in 1787 with more than 1480 men, women and children onboard the ships . Although most were British, there were also African, American and French convicts on board the ship as well .
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Coal Mining
- Within ten years of the First Fleet arriving in 1788, coal was discovered near Newcastle in New South Wales. These areas provided fuel for heating and cooking, and later steam locomotion in the young colony of New South Wales. -The first metal mined in Australia was lead at Glen Osmond near Adelaide in South Australia in 1841 followed soon after by copper at Burra and Kapunda.
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The First Fleet
-Captain Arther Phillip was the governor when the first fleet happened ,The First Fleet, consisting of 11 vessels, was the largest single fleet of ships to sail into the Pacific Ocean.
- Its purpose was to find a convict settlement on the east coast of Australia, at Botany Bay. -
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Captain Arther Phillip
Achievments:
- He was the first Governor of NSW
- He lead 11 ships coming to Australia
- He could speak 4 other languages
Interesting Facts
- Captain Arther Phillip like the Aboriginals at first untill the Aboriginals killed his gamekeeper.
- Arther Phillip made the laws stricter. -
Schools
- According to research Captian Phillip Gidley King was known to be the most influential Governor to do with the establishment of the education sytem in the penal colony.
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The Whaling industry
-Captain Arther Phillip was the Governor when the whale industry happened. The whale industry began in 1791 when 11 ships settled to the colony of NSW .
- Whaling went on to be a major maritime industry in. Australia providing work for hundreds of ships and thousands of men , contributing transport products worth £4.2 million by 1850. -
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Captain John Hunter
Acheiments
- 2nd Governor of NSW which was succesful
-Encouraged explorations of Matthew Flinders and George Bass
Interesting Facts
- As a loss of the sirus John Hunter returned back to England and reached portsmouth in 1792
- Phillip was informed that he could leave the colony and embarked on the 10 December 1792 -
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Captain Phillip Gidley King
Achievments
-Employment of Convicts
-Established school for boy convicts
Interesting Facts
-Captain Phillip Gidley King went back to to England afte his term
-During his twenty months away the island had been under the duty of Lieutenant-Governor Robert Ross . The population had almost grown to nearly one thousand. -
Laws on Slavery
- Captain Phillip Gidley was Governor when slavery started.lots of the convicts transported to the Australian penal colonies were treated as slave labour.
- This practice of unpaid work and separation from family continued until 1970. it was very sad for these workers having to do continiouns hard larbour .
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Captain William Bligh,
Achievments
-5 August – Captain William Bligh arrives in Sydney to take over the governorship.
Interesting Facts
-In New South Wales William Bligh found great difficulty, caused partly by the disastrous Hawkesbury floods, partly by the falling off in ships arriving with supplies and convict employment.
- 12 August – Governor King boards HMS Buffalo for his return to England and Bligh's commission is formally read. -
The Rum Rebellion
Captain William Bligh was arrested and the colony was placed under military rule. This was the only time in Australian history that a government was overthrown by a military coup. -
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Captain Lachlan Macquarie
Achiements
-Macquarie was credited by producing the first official currency specifically for circulation in Australia.
- Lachlan Macquarie's leadership, which began in January 1810, lasted for 11 years.
Interesting Facts
- Lachlan Macquarie joined the army as a young boy
-He encouraged expansionof settlement and exploration
-For most of Lachlan Macquarielife he was a sloider
