fascism and nazism

The Pact of Steel

1939 BCE

The Pact of Steel was signed between Hitler and Mussolini on 22nd May 1939. Japan also joined this pact to fight against communism

Expansionism program

1939 BCE

After the Treaty of Versailles, Poland divided Germany into two parts and East Prussia remained isolated. Hence, Hitler wanted to control Danzig in order to unite both parts of Germany. Hitler commanded the invasion of Poland on 1st September 1939, which actually involved the outbreak of WWII

Expansionism program

1938 BCE

He wanted Austria to be a part of his Reich and promoted the so-called Anschluss. (1938)
Czechoslovakia. In the Czech area of the Sudetes there were around 3.5 million Germans, who should be ruled by a German power based on Hitler’s principles. On 29th September 1938 Germany, Italy, Great Britain, and France reached the Munich Agreement, where Germany annexed the Sudetes

Antisemitism

1938 BCE

A Jew murdered a German diplomat in Paris. After that there was rioting throughout Germany. Thousands of Jewish shops, houses and synagogues were smashed and thousands of Jews were arrested. This was called the Night of the Broken Glass. Jews were sent to Concentration Camps or humiliated and mistreated in public. People believed the camps were work-camps where the Jews would work for Germany, but the Nazis tried to exterminate the Jewish race. Things were going to be even worse.

international conflicts

1936 BCE

Due to international conflicts with France and Great Britain, Mussolini got closer to Hitler’s Germany. The Rome-Berlin Axis was created on 1st November 1936.

Expansionism program

1935 BCE

Changes within Germany. Some areas of Germany had been occupied or controlled by foreign powers after the Treaty of Versailles. Hitler could not tolerate this and began some campaigns to re-take those German regions(Saarland 1935, Rhineland 1936)

Hitler decided to call for another election

1933 BCE

In January 1933 Hitler decided to call for another election (March 1933) hoping to make the Nazis stronger in the Reichstag

The Depression hit Germany

1932 BCE

The Depression hit Germany deeply. By 1932 living conditions were serious in Germany. Over five million people were unemployed and the country was desperate for a strong government.

President Hindenburg called an election

1932 BCE

President Hindenburg called an election (April 1932) but did not get the majority. The new government still could not govern properly, and after the new elections (November 1932) Hindenburg offered Hitler the post of Chancellor (head of government)

Stresemann won the Nobel Price

1929 BCE

Stresemann won the Nobel Price for his efforts. He died in October 1929, just before the disaster of the Wall Street Crash. His plans would only work with some help from the USA.

a personal force for Hitler and the leading Nazis.

1925 BCE

a personal force for Hitler and the leading Nazis. Heinrich Himmler was in charge or the SS.

The election system

1924 BCE

He changed the election system and in the next elections (1924) fascists got the power. He began to change Italy into a dictatorship where people had to do as they were told

Germany suffered a hyperinflation

1923 BCE

In 1923 Germany suffered a hyperinflation. This happens when production can´t keep up with the amount of money there is, so money keeps losing its value.

a new chancellor

1923 BCE

In 1923 there was a new chancellor, called Stresemann, and Germany was starting to recover. The National Socialist German Worker ´s Party (Nazis), created by Adolf Hitler tried to take over Munich (

general strike

1922 BCE

. When socialists called for a general strike in 1922, Mussolini's men terrorised them and controlled the situation.

Mussolini marched on Rome

1922 BCE

27th and 28th October 1922 Mussolini marched on Rome with his 30,000 Blackshirts in order to seize the power

Economic program

1921 BCE

Hitler started a huge plan of public works which gave jobs to thousands of people: motorways, public buildings... All men between the ages of 18 and 25 had to go into the National Labour Service and they got a job. Strikes were not allowed but they had higher wages than before; good works had benefits, such as holidays ... Big industrial names like Thyssen, Krupp or Volkswagen (the people´s car) supported the regime and had a lot of benefits.

Weimar Republic

1919 BCE

After the Great War a republic was set up in February 1919 at. It was a democratic government. The Weimar republic had many problems: Thousands of people were poor and starving. The society was divided, they did not accept losing the war and they thought that the conditions of the Peace Treaties were very unfair for Germany

Spartacist Revolt

1919 BCE

In 1919, Communists tried to take over Berlin in the Spartacist Revolt, but they were defeated. •

great war

1918 BCE

Italy suffered the enormous human and economic after-effects of the Great War.