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Restricted naturalized citizenship to "free white persons" of good character.
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Formerly enslaved individuals were freed, but they were not yet granted full citizenship rights.
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Granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, including formerly enslaved people.
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Extended naturalization rights to individuals of African descent.
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Prohibited Chinese laborers from immigrating or becoming citizens, reflecting widespread racial discrimination.
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Expanded voting rights to women, granting them fuller participation in citizenship.
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Granted U.S. citizenship to all Native Americans born in the United States.
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Allowed Chinese immigrants to become naturalized citizens, though quotas remained in place.
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Ended racial restrictions on naturalization, allowing immigrants of all races to become U.S. citizens.
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Abolished the national origins quota system, opening pathways for immigrants from Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
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Granted amnesty to millions of undocumented immigrants.
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Continued efforts to expand pathways to citizenship for immigrants.