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To apply for citizenship, a person must have been a resident for a minimum of two years. They must be free, white, and have a good moral character.
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This allowed the deportation of immigrants, suppressed free speech among immigrants, and raised the minimum residency requirement to 14 years.
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This law repealed the 14-year residency requirement and minimized it to five years.
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Passed in 1868, this extended citizenship to those born in the United States. This included recently freed slaves.
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Naturalization was only extended to those of African descent and was unavailable to other groups who were not white.
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Signed in 1882, this law suspended immigration for Chinese laborers for ten years.
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Wong Kim's parents were not citizens of the United States, but he was born in the United States. Regardless, immigration tried to prevent him from re-entering the U.S. once he returned from visiting China. The court ruled in his favor, stating that he was protected under the 14th Amendment.
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The citizenship of women who married non-citizens was revoked, even if they ever travelled out of the country.
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A Supreme Court case in which it was ruled that Japanese immigrants were ineligible for American citizenship.
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This case ruled that immigrants from India were not considered white and were thusly barred from naturalization. They could also have their American citizenship revoked under this ruling.
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Under the presidency of Calvin Coolidge, the Native Americans who fought alongside the United States Army in World War I were granted citizenship.
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President Franklin Roosevelt signed a law repealing the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1943.
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This law was passed to eliminate race discrimination in immigration in the United States.