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442 BCE
Democritus' atomic model
Democritus’s model stated that matter consists of invisible particles called atoms and avoid (empty space). He stated that atoms are indestructible and unchangeable.
Democritus knew that if you took a stone and cut it in half, each half had the same properties as the original stone. He reasoned that if you continued to cut the stone into smaller and smaller pieces, at some point you would reach a piece so tiny that it could no longer be divided.
It doesn't have something wrong -
John Dalton's atomic model
"Billiard ball model"
He said: atoms are solid spheres, indivisible, and indestructible. He came up with a theory on the smallest particles in the universe, of what makes up what we call "matter". All matter consists of indivisible particles. Dalton gave the name to these minute particles, the atom. There are different types of atoms, these are called elements.
The model helps us to know that the atom is indivisible and indestructible.
He was wrong to say that the atom is a solid sphere -
Thomson's atomic model
"Plum pudding model"
He discovered the electron when he was experimenting with gas discharge tubes. He noticed a movement in a tube. He called the movement cathode rays. The rays moved from the negative end of the tube to the positive end. He realized that the rays were made of negatively charged particles – electrons.
The model helps us to understand that the atom has electrons.
He was wrong when he said that the atoms are positive spheres. -
Rutherford's atomic model
"Nuclear atom"
He discovered the p+. He also said that the p+ and e- are moving around the nucleus. Rutherford fired tiny alpha particles at solid objects such as gold foil. He found that while most of the alpha particles passed right through the gold foil, a small number of alpha particles passed through at an angle and some bounced straight back like a tennis ball hitting a wall.
The model helps us to know that the atom has p+ and e- around him.
He doesn't contemplate the neutron -
Bohr's atomic model
"Solar system model"
Niels Bohr, create the model of the Solar System, where the electrons had a quantized orbit, with specific layers and radius; He made a spectrum of atomic lines, where he burned hydrogen and this, like other elements, releases a colored flame, which, passed through a prism, reflects lines that Bohr used to explain simple atoms.
He provided the orbits and the quantization of the atomic model.
He failed to explain complex atoms and to describe fixed orbits. -
Shrodinger's atomic model
"Quantum mechanics models"
Erwin Schrödinger invented the quantum mechanics of the atomic model, with which a probability map, using the atomic orbitals, where there is a 90% probability that there is an electron in that area, depending on the size; his experiment was mental, and he said that until you measure the state of the system, you could be in states overlapping.
Being the most recent, it is the most successful until a new model arrives that contradicts it.
