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Period: to
Events Leading to the Russian Revolution
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Great Northern War
The Great Northern War occurred in Northern, Eastern, and Central Europe. It was faught by Russia so they could regain access to the Baltic Sea. The result of the war was a Coalition victory. Czardom was then established in Russia as new power. This started the decline of the Swedish Empire and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Russia gained three Swedish dominions Estonia, Livonia, and Ingria as well as parts of Kexholm and Viborg. -
The Decembrist Revolt
Russian army officers led about 3,000 soldiers in a protest against Nicholas I’s assumption of the throne. The rebels were called Decembrists because the events took place in December. The revolt took place in the Senate Square in Saint Petersburg. The result was a government victory and the Decembrists were deported to Siberia. -
Czar Alexander II Emancipates the Serfs
After a couple years of thought, Czar Alexander II freed the serfs of Russia. It was one of the most important reforms during the reign of Alexander II.
The Emancipation Manifesto proclaimed the freedom of serfs on private estates and of the household serfs. Because of this act, more than twenty-three million people received their liberty. Serfs had all rights. They were allowed to obtain land, own a business, marry without consent, etc. but a lot of them had no money to fulfill these wishes. -
The Assassination of Alexander II
“Alexander the Liberator” was assassinated in Saint Petersburg by Nikolai Rysakov. Rysakov carried a small bomb. He threw it at a carraige the czar was riding in. Czar Alexander II died from his injuries he received from the bomb. There were actually more than one assassination attempts on Alexander II, but they had all failed until March 13, 1881. -
E. The Russo-Japanese War
The war was fought in Manchuria, the Yellow Sea, and on the Korean Peninsula. Russians sought a warm water port on the Pacific Ocean, for their navy as well as for trade. The result of the war was a Japanese victory and a Russian defeat. The war was resolved with the Treaty of Portsmouth on September 5, 1905 -
The Revolution of 1905
January 22, 1905 – June 16, 1907
The Revolution was a wave of mass political and social unrest that spread through vast area of the Russian empire. It was very unorganized.
It included worker strikes, peasant unrest and military disasters. It led to the establishment of limited monarchy. To settle the people down, Czar Nicholas I created a standing body for the public: Duma. -
Bloody Sunday
Took place in St. Petersburg. Striking workers and their families gathered at six points in the city. Soldiers opened fired on citizens. Disregard for the common people was shown. Resulted in great consequences for the Czarist Regime. Czar officials recorded 96 dead and 333 injured. Anti-government sources claimed more than 4,000 dead. Moderate estimates around 1,000 killed or wounded. -
Russian Involvement in World War I
Europe was worried about the increasing size and power Russia was gaining. Russian population was disappointed with how Nicholas II was leading the war. Romanov family was under the influence of the “Mad Monk”, Grigori Rasputin who did great damage. The Czar’s rule was overthrown. Russia was taken over by Kerensky and the Provisional government and pulled out of the war. By the end of 1917, the Bolsheviks led by Lenin had taken power in the major cities of Russia and introduced communist rule. -
Czar Nicholas II abdicates the Russian
Czar Nicholas II led Russia into costly wars that sparked anger in Russian citizens. Bolsheviks and other revolutionary groups won wide support. Forced by the army garrison at Petrograd joined with striking workers, the Czar abdicated his throne. The citizens of Russia demanded socialist reforms. -
The March Revolution
The March Revolution lasted through November 8, 1917. The result was the destruction of the Czarist autocracy. Czar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate his throne. Bolsheviks took over the power. Government replaced with a provisional government.
