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Battle of the Atlantic
The Battle of the Atlantic was the longest continuous military campaign in World War II, running from 1939 to the defeat of Germany in 1945. It was a battle between Germany and Great Britian. Great Britian sunk the Bismamarck in 1941. Germany fought back by using U-boats. They hunted in groups called Wolf Packs which was a tactic of fighting. Then Germany declared war on the U.S. and U-boat attacks on American shipping increased. German submarines patrolled the waters of the East Coast. -
Battle of the Atlantic (cont.)
Energized American shipyards started produced new ships. They were used to form larger, better equipped convoys. This helped cut the effectiveness of the U-boat attacks. Allied aircrafts protected the convoys from above they used radar and other technologies to find and destroy more U-boats. The new technologies made it easier to defeat the German U-boats. -
Battle of Britian
The Battle of Britian was th every first battle fought by only air forces. This battle was between Germany Air Force and the United Kingdom between July and October 1940. British forced Hitler to postpone and eventually cancel Operation Sea Lion, a planned amphibious and airborne invasion of Britain, by preventing Germany from gaining air superiority. Germany wanted superiority over the Royal Air Force, especially Fighter Command. Germany's Luftwaffe fought against the Royal Air Force. -
Battle of Britian (cont)
The Luftwaffe had many disadvantages including being untrained, unequipted, and unprepared for the long range operations that were part of the battle. RAF enjoyed the advantage of defending against attacks launched from widely separated airfields, therefore profiting from what strategists call ‘interior lines’. British fortunes were also helped by the fact that the Luftwaffe had never subscribed to a concept of strategic bombing. The climax of the battle came on 15 September, a day in which the -
Battle of Britian (cont. #2)
Luftwaffe lost 56 planes and the RAF 28. During the 12 week battle, 1,733 German aircrafts had been destroyed, compared with 915 British fighters. On 17 September, Hitler decided to postpone indefinitely the invasion of Britain. German tactics were changed again and the Luftwaffe resorted to indiscriminate bombing of larger cities, including London, Plymouth and Coventry. -
Battle of Stalingrad
The Battle of Stalingrad was the successful Soviet defense of the city of Stalingrad in the U.S.S.R. during World War II. Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad, in Southern Russia, on the eastern boundary of Europe. -
Battle of El Alamien, Egypt
The Battle of El Alamien took place near the Egyptian railway halt of El Alamein. This battle was a major turning point of the Western Desert Campaign of the Second World War. General Bernard Montgomery's 8th Army, consisting of 30th Corps, 13th Corps and 10th Corps (British, Australian, South African, Indian and French troops) These made up the Allies. Field Marshal Erwin Rommel's Panzerarmee Afrika (German and Italian troops) made up the Axis. The Allies won and Rommel was forced to give up -
Battle of El Alamein, Egypt (cont)
Tunisia. Three hundred Sherman tanks that were hastily shipped to Egypt from the USA were a important influence on the results of this battle. The tanks gave Montgomery a significant advantage in firepower. The battle ended on Novermber 4, 1942. -
Operation Torch
Operation Torch was a plan that called for American forces to invade the North African countries of Marocco and Algeria. france had controlled this area since before 1940 and then when France fell, Vinchy leaders took over. U.S. lieutentant general Dwight D. Eisenhower was the commander of Operation Torch. The Allies wanted French in North Africa to side with them in battle. The Allies had little risistance while landing and French forces soon joined them. around 20,000 Americans were killed or -
Operation Torch
wounded in the 6 months of North Africa fighting. By May 1943, Rommel's forces were defeated. -
Invasion of Sicily/Italy
Roosevelt and Churchill issued a meassage to the Italian people asking them "whether they want to die for Mussolini and Hilter or live for Italy and civilization." They chose life. By the end of the month the Italians turned on Benito Mussolini and forced him from power. The Allies took Sicily and they planned next to occupy the Italian Peninsula next. German forces rushed in to stop this. Even with German resistance, the Allies made steady progress at first. The Tuskagee Airmen took a big part -
Invasion of Sicily/France (cont. #2)
25,000 to 30,000 soldiers were killed or injured by then. In all, some 300,000 Allied troops were killed or wounded, -
Invasion of Sicily/France (cont)
in the fight. The Tuskagee Airmen was a segregated unit of African Americans, the first to recieve training as pilots in the U.S. military. The invadion slowed as they reached Rome. They decided to land a large force behind enemy lines, they chose a seafront resort called Anizo for the landing. in January the first of 100,000 soldiers had wade in to he landing. Fighting broke out for 4 months and then finally Allied forces from the south fought through Anizo and freed the trapped soldiers. Some -
Operation Overlord
Operation Overlord was a planned invasion of France. This was a plan to end the war as quickly as possible. The allies wanted to launch a large invasion of mainland Europe. The location was the beaches or Normady, in northern France. Eisenhower commaded the mission and chode General Omar Bradley to lead the American troops. The top British commander was Bernard Montgomery. The Allies were able to destroy some rocket-launch sited but fears of the dangerous weapons pushed the Allies onward. -
Battle of the Bulde
The Battle of the Bulge was a suprise attack by Germany to gain back vital territory that was taken by the Allies. The name is reffered to the bulge in the Allied battle lines by the German advance. A key point in the battle was in the Belgian city of Bastogne. The Germans were determined to have this spot but o December 26, troops led by Lieutenant Geogre S. Patton arrived to provide relief to the American force. This busted the German offensive and it also became a symbol of American strength. -
Hitler Commits Suicide
Adolf Hitler commited suicude after he had realized that all hope for his plans and his dream country had been lost. He killed himself in his Burlin bunker by shooting himself. It is believed that both he and his wife swallowed cyanide capsules and then he shot himself for a quicker death. -
V-E Day
V-E Day was a day celebrated in the United States, representing the day that Germany surrenedered. It stands for Victroy in Europe Day. Karl Donitz declared the surrender,
