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Period: Jan 1, 1350 to Jan 1, 1550
Age of the Reinassance
"Rebirth" used by Georgio Vassari -
Period: Jan 1, 1400 to
Re-emergence of serfdom
In Eastern Europe -
Jan 1, 1410
Ptolemy's Geography
Introduced from second century A.D., was a synthesis of geographical knoledge of classical world -
Jan 1, 1438
Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges
Charles VII declared rpyal control over church and Papcy, thus limiting the power of the Pope -
Period: Jan 1, 1450 to
Age of Discovery
Exploring and conquering new lands -
Jan 1, 1468
On The Dignity of Man published
Pico Della Mirandola stressed than man possesed great dignity -
Jan 1, 1469
Marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella
Maintained control over Spain w/ union of two royal houses (Argon and Castill) -
Jan 1, 1487
Bartholomew Diaz Attempts ot Round Cape of Good Hope
Storms made him turn back (Portuguese) -
Jan 1, 1492
All practicing Jews Expelled from Spain
By Isabel and Ferdinand -
Jan 1, 1492
Columbus attempt to find trading route to Aisia
Bcked by Spanish monarchy, but ends up finding land -
Jan 1, 1494
Treaty of Torsedillas
gave Spain everything to the West of imaginary line drawn down the Atlantic, and Portugal everything to the East -
Apr 27, 1497
Vasco De Gama Rounds Cape of Good Hope
Commanded flett of four ships in search for a sea route to the Indian Ocean trade (Portuguese) -
Jan 1, 1508
Michaelangelo Paints Sistene Chapel
Commisioned by Pope Julius II, through 1512 -
Jan 1, 1513
Machiavelli writes "The Prince"
about political power and how to gain, maintain and increase it -
Jan 1, 1516
Corncordat of Bologna
Treaty that re-established assertion of supiriority and gave the pope more power than before. -
Jan 1, 1516
Thomas More "Utopia"
A revolutionary view on society -
Jan 1, 1517
95-Theisis Written
By Martin Luther on the power of indulgences -
Jan 1, 1519
Leonardo Di Vinci Dies
1452-1519, pained The Last Supper that was an incredibly subtle physiological interpretation -
Jan 1, 1519
Hernando Cortes conquests the Aztecs
Enters Tenochitlan, is destroyed within two years -
Jan 1, 1521
The Diet of Worms
Held by Charles V to confront Luther -
Jan 1, 1525
German Peasants War
Driven by complaints of the nobility -
Jan 1, 1528
Castaglione "The Coutier"
Trained young men to become gentlemen -
Jan 1, 1532
Act of Restraint of Appeals
declared king the supreme leader before the church -
May 13, 1532
Francisco Pizzaro lands off coast of Peru
Conqured and destroyed the Incan empire -
Jan 1, 1539
Calvin's Institues of Christian Religion
absolute sovereignty of god -
Period: Jan 1, 1540 to
Scientific Revolution
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Jan 1, 1541
John Calvin published the Genevan Catechism
Doctiral confession to inform children of reformed theology -
Jan 1, 1542
Holy Office and Roman Inquisition
Judicial system of the Roman Catholic Church -
Jan 1, 1543
Copernicus Hypothesis is published
in "On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres", published the year of his death -
Jan 1, 1545
Start of Council of Trent
Through 1563, called by pope to reform church and secure reconciliation with protestants -
Jan 1, 1555
Peace of Augsberg
Lutheranism is recognized as faith -
Jan 1, 1558
Elizabeth Rules w/ Elizibethan Settlement
Act of supremacy and Act of Uniformity. -
Jan 1, 1559
Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis
Agreement marking end of 65-year struggle between France and Spain over Italy -
Period: Jan 1, 1560 to
Heigh if European Witch-hunt
-
Jan 1, 1564
Birth of Shakespeare
English playwrite -
Jan 1, 1568
Civil War in the Natherland
Through 1578, strife within the people -
Jan 1, 1572
Saint Bartholomew's day Massacre
Huguenot wedding guests in Paris were killed by Catholic attack -
Jan 1, 1580
Phillip II of Spain Rules
Spanish Empire during Exploration Boom -
Mary, Queen of Scots Behaeded
Killed for plotting against Elizabeth -
Admeral Drake defreats Spanish Armada
British forces destroy Spanish Navy -
Spanish Armada meets English Fleet
in the English Channel, composed of 130 vessels, was defested beofre reaching ther Netherlands -
Galileo begins to elaborate on the expirimental meathod
He also creates the Law of Inertia and several other infulencial scientific theories over the course of his lifetime -
Edict of Nantes
Granted public worship to all Calvinists -
Time of Troubles
Time of Troubles begins through 1613, time when Russia had no ruler, resulting from Ivan the Terrible's son Theodore dying without a heir. -
Dutch East India Company Founded
Intention of capturing Spice trade from the Portuguese in Indonesia -
Gunpowder Plot
Plot to blow up part of the English Parliment -
Period: to
Food Riots
Common across Europe -
Kepler demonstrated the 3 famous laws of planatary motion
-orbits are eliptical rather than circular
-planets dont move at uniform speed
-time a planet takes to make complete orbit is based on distance from the sun -
Publication of King James' Bible
English translation of the Christian Bible -
Don Quixote is Written
Written by Spanish writer, Miguel de Cervantes he produced one of the greatest peices of literature. "idealist but impractical" -
Period: to
30 Years War
Fought for several reasons: Religious, dynastic, territorial, commercial rivalries -
Hapsburg crsuh Protestantism
In Bohemia -
Galileo was tried for heresy by the papal Inquisition
Because of openly lampooning tradiitonal views of Aristotle and Ptolemy, and defnding Copernicus -
The French Academy is Established
By Cardinal Richelieu, french classicism brought on a group of scholars interested in grammar in rhetoric who wrote the French dictionary and standarnized the Franch Language -
Period: to
Golden Age of Dutch Art
Vermeer, Van Steen, Rembrandt -
Period: to
Reign of Fredrick William
In Prussia -
Period: to
Louis XIV Rules in France
-
Peace of Westphalia
Ended the 30 years War -
First British Navigation Act
Required goods to be imported from only british ships which encouraged mercantilist meathods of government -
Nikon reforms Orthadox Church
Russian Orthadox Church reformed -
Treaty of Pyrenees
Marks the end of Spanish imperial dominance -
Period: to
John-Babtiste Colbert
Applies Mercantillism ideals to France -
Devil resurected
Brutalism instated throughout Europe -
Test Act
Anyone who didnt follow the Eucharist couldnt run for office, vote, preach, teach ect. -
Construcssion of Baroque Palaces
Through 1750 -
Palace of Versailles is established
Louis XIV established the court as the senter of the kingdom, a perfect representation of the king's power. -
Chinese Ports open to Foreigh trade
Causes strife between several counrties in the following years -
Edict of Nantes revoked
Louis XIV drove an exodus of Protestants -
Newton's Natural Philosophy Published
Law of universal gravitation was his synthesis -
Glorious revoltuion
Despotic rule of the Stwearts and Parliamentary rule begins -
Essay Concerning Human Understanding Locke Published
Tabula rasa, every man born with a blank slate and influenced by expirience -
Period: to
The Enlightenment
-
Growth of Book Publishing
Through about 1789 as citizens began to find a higher value in reading and scientific theory -
Period: to
War of Spanish Succession
Fought between European powers over who had the right to succeed Charles II as King of Spain -
Peter the Great founds St. Petersberg
Second largest city in Russia -
Peace of Utrecht
Set limits on the extent to which any one power could expand, marked the end of French expansion -
Pragmatic Sanction
Chalres VI of Austria stated Hapsburg possessions were never to be divided and always passed on to a single heir (could be a woman) -
Growth of Millitary
Through 1740, in Prussia -
Rocco Art becomes popular
Through 1780, embodied intricate and extremelly flamboyent artistic qualities -
Bubonic Plague Eliminated
1300-1721 led to sharp drop in population -
Period: to
Seven Years' War
Dispute between the English and the French over American territory and trade -
Rousseau published the "Social Contract"
Theorized the best ways to establish a political community inthe face of the problems of the nation -
Treaty of Paris Signed
GB, France, Spain, Portugal all sign stating Britain's victory in Seven Years' War -
Final edition of the Encyclopedia published
Edited by Denis Diederot, showed that human beings could use the process of reasoning to expand human knowledge. -
James Hargreaves invented Spinning Jenny
Improved efficiency in cotton textile factories -
James Watts creates modern steam engine
Improved steam engine model, and was most influencial invention of the Industrial Revolution -
Period: to
American Revolution
Fought against GB for independence -
Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations Published
Adam Smith-Free Competition and trade insted of mercantilism -
Wealth of Nations Adam Smith
Criticized Mercantilism and suggested a free trade system -
Period: to
Industrial Revolution
Burst of major inventions and technological changes -
Period: to
French Revolution
-
France in declared a republic
Declared a republic by new, popularly elected National Convention -
First Smallpox Vaccination
Edward Jenner finds vaccination and cure for smallpox -
Combination Acts Passed
Outlawed Unions and Strikes -
Battle of Austerlitz
Napolean routs a combines army of russia and Austria and defeats -
Congress of Vienna
Quadruple Alliance(Russia, Prussia, Austria, GB) settle peace after napoleanic wars -
Corn Laws
Regulated grain trade and prohibited importation of foreign grain -
Battle of Waterloo
Napolean is defeted and exiled to St. Helena -
Death of Napoleon
While in exile in St. Helena -
"Rocket" by George Stephenson works for first time
Track from LIverpool to Manchester at 16 mph, worlds first important railroad. -
Factory Act
Limited factory workday for children -
Zollverein is formed
Allowed goods to be moved the German states without tariffs -
Fredrich List "National system of Political Economy"
Growth of maunfacturing industry was important because it increased people's well-being -
Mines Act
Prohibited women from working underground as well as boys under 10 years old -
The Great Exhibition at the Crystal Palace
London, held the famous Industrial Fair -
Great Rebellion
Insurrection by Muslim and Hindu mercenaries, it was then finally crushed. -
Completion of the Suez Canal
Suez Canal completed connecting Meditaranian Sea and Red Sea -
Kulterkampf
Bismarcks attack on the Catholic Church -
Meiji Restoration
Led by samuri and seized control of Japanese government to return the kingdom to their emperor -
Educational reforms in France
Reforms are meant to affect the Catholic Church -
Hindu-Indian National Congress
Indians demonstrated for equality against British -
Austro-Prussian War
7 weeks, there was Prussian victory which meant exclusion of Austria from Germany -
Hundred Days of Reform
Imperial attempt at renovationg Chinese State and social system -
"The White Man's Burden" Published
Written by Rudyard Kipling, suggesting that white men believed they owed it to all the other races to 'help' them in life -
"Imperialism" by J.A. Hobson Published
Influenced Lenin and others. Rush to aquire colonies was due to economic needs of unregulated capitalism -
First Balkan War
Deprived Ottoman Empire of all its territory -
Assasination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand
Heir to Austria throne assasianted in Serbia->Austria declared war after on July 28th -
Period: to
World War I
-
Lusitania Sunk
Killing 1000, and 139 Amercans -
Rasputin Murdered
Peasant who held high position becasue he claimed to have healing powers murdered by Alexandria -
Russian Revolution
Removed Russia from the War and prompted change thoughout the country into the USSR -
Balfadour declaration
Declared Palestine as a national home for Jewish people -
Treaty of Brest-Litousk
Grmany damanded Soviets to give up all western territory -
Treaty of Versailes
Ended World War One -
US senate rejects treaty of versailles
United States looses interest in European politics -
Mussolini seizes Italy
Utilized facism in his ruling techniques -
France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr
France's bitter hatred towards Germany is demonstrated in this occupation where France starves germany economically -
Dawes Plan
German reparations are put on a sliding scale, US loans money to promote German recovery -
Treaty of Locarno
Promotes European security and stability -
Period: to
The Great Depression
world-wide economic depression -
Japan invades Manchuria
Invaded because Japan needed an Island close enough to Hawaii in order to bomb Hawaii -
Nuremburg Law
Deprived Jews of all rights of citizenship -
Hitler announces german rearmament
Wanted to rebuild the military -
Anglo-German Naval Agreement in signed
Germany, scared of Britain's obviously stronger Navy, chooses peace instead of oblivion -
Purges begin under Stalin
Stalin kills or imprisons most of his government officials in order to ensure power. -
Germany annexes Austria
Hitler belives the Austrians are raciallly German -
Germany invades Polland
Germanyunsuccessfully utlizes Blitzcraeig, lightning war -
Britain and France declare war on Germany
War declared because of Hitlers aggression -
Period: to
World War II
-
Period: to
6 million Jews perish in Nazi death casmps
Nazi Germany's strong anti-semitism calls for the eradication of Jews. -
Japan Bombs Pearl Harbor/ US enters WWII
Suprise attack on the US biggest naval base, prompts US to enter WWII -
Allied invasion at Normandy
Allied forces assault by sea the German line on the coast of France as part of a new offensive. -
Marshall Plan
Marshall gives money to Europe in order to help with recovery -
North Atlantic treaty
NATO, consisted of US and most democratic nations -
West Germany joins NATO
-
Battle of Somme
GB and France gained 125 miles against the Germans -
Atomic bombs dropped on Japan
Due to the largest civilian casualties at the hand of 2 bombs in history, Japan surrends and WWII ends