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610 BCE
Anaximander
Miletus, a city in Ionia, was home to Anaximander, a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher. The original threads of Western philosophy still exist thanks to Anaximander. As the source of everything that is, he conjectured and disputed about "the Boundless." Additionally, he was active in th fields of biology and geography, as they are currently known. The first speculative astronomer was Anaximander, too. He created the worldview of the open cosmos, which replaced the celestial vault's closed universe. -
1225
Thomas Aquinas
The prominent scholastic philosopher, theologian, and jurist Thomas Aquinas, OP, was an Italian Dominican friar and priest. Aquinas holds that we should always act in accordance with our conscience, even if doing so is immoral or has a negative impact. Our consciences are our finest moral compass because there is no way for us to know whether they are right or bad. -
René Descartes
A prominent player in the development of contemporary philosophy and science who was a French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician. Descartes is devoted to the idea that virtue is enough to achieve happiness, which he defines as a "complete contentment of mind and interior satisfaction," but he rejects the idea that virtue is only valuable as a path to happiness. -
David Hume
Scottish Enlightenment philosopher David Hume was also a historian, economist, essayist, and librarian. He is most known today for his very influential doctrine of empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism. Anti-rationalism with morals. According to Hume, moral judgments are not based on logic but rather on emotion. -
Immanuel Kant
German philosopher Immanuel Kant was a key figure in the Enlightenment. The "categorical imperative" is a universal ethical principle that states that one should always respect the humanity in others and that one should only act in line with principles that could apply for everyone. This idea forms the foundation of Kant's ethical system.
